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(8.01) The growth of imperialism starting in the late 1870s was sparked by the desire of _______.

nations to find sources of raw materials and new trade markets to help industrial growth

(8.01) What conclusions can be drawn about the United States’ acquisition of Alaska and Hawaii?

 The US was driven to gain access to new markets and materials through both diplomacy and military action

(8.02) How did the Spanish-American war represent a turning point in US foreign policy?

 The US emerged as a major world power and began to build an overseas empire

(8.02) How was the conflict between Cuba and Spain that erupted in 1897 covered by the American press?

 It was exaggerated by newspapers to get more readers and turn opinion against Spain

(8.02) Which of the following was the result of the explosion of the USS Maine?

It rallied Americans against Spain, though Spain may not have been responsible

(8.03) Which of the following best describes the role of the Platt Amendment in the Cuban constitution? 

It limited Cuba’s right to make treaties and increased the ability of the United States to intervene in Cuban affairs

(8.06) How did the convoy system help the Allies at sea? 

By making German troops vulnerable to Allied attacks

(8.05) All of the following describe trench warfare EXCEPT:

Airplanes and tanks led to the end of trench warfare in the final years of battle

(8.05) Instead of capturing key locations, a war of attrition seeks to do what?

Wear down the enemy’s will to fight by inflicting heavy casualties

(8.07) Which of the following best describes why women were able to gain the vote after WWI?

Women's increased role in the war effort by serving in men's jobs and as nurses in WWI led to greater respect in society

What was Zimmermann trying to accomplish by sending the above telegram?

Forming an alliance with Mexico against the US

(8.07) Which of the following was NOT a reason for African-Americans to take part in the Great Migration from the South to the North?

Poor farming conditions

(8.07) Each of the following is an example of how the federal government expanded during WWI EXCEPT:

Imposing mandatory rationing on citizens

Based on the above quotation, what did Wilson want to achieve with the end of the war?

A lasting peace in Europe

(8.08) What was the goal of Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points?

To attempt to prevent future world wars through diplomacy

(8.08) Which of the following best describes the US's reasons for opposing the League of Nations? 

They feared it would drag the country into European conflicts

(8.08) Which of the following was imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles?

Paying war reparations to the Allies

(9.01) Which of the following was a cause of the Red Scare in the 1920s?

Immigration and increased labor union activity

(9.01) What hurt the labor movement in the early 1920s?

Violent strikes, labor unrest and ties to socialism made the labor movement appear too radical

(9.04) Each of the following describe the stock market of the 1920s EXCEPT:

People could only buy stocks if they paid fully in cash

(9.03) Which of the following best describes popular culture in the 1920s?

New styles of music, recreation, and celebrities became popular for the first time

(9.02) Fear of cultural changes throughout the 1920s led to all of the following EXCEPT…

Growing support for communism among Americans

(9.01) Which of the following is the BEST example of an isolationist policy? 

Congress refusing to support or join the League of Nations

(9.01) Which of the following was a cause of the Red Scare in the 1920s?

Immigration and increased labor union activity

(9.02) Which of the following best describes the significance of the flapper movement?

Although not all women were flappers, the movement symbolized a change in women’s roles

 (9.02) Which of the following was a negative, unintended consequence of Prohibition?

The rise of organized crime

(9.03) What conclusions can be drawn about African-Americans in the 1920s as a result of the Harlem Renaissance?

African-Americans were gaining confidence and pride in their cultural achievements

(9.04) Which of the following trends during the 1920s set the stage for the Great Depression?

Americans building up personal debt

(9.05) How did investors react when stock prices began to fall in late October of 1929?

They rushed to the stock exchange to sell their stocks and get their money back

(9.05) Which of the following was a consequence of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act?

There was a sharp decline in global trade due to both America and European countries placing trade barriers on one another.

(9.06) How does this cartoon reflect the attitude that many Americans had towards Herbert Hoover’s Depression response?

Hoover’s response to the Depression was seen as ineffective

(9.07) What was the main difference between the approaches of Franklin D. Roosevelt and Herbert Hoover towards the Great Depression?

Roosevelt was more willing to use the powers of the federal government

(9.06) What did the term “Hoovervilles” suggest about public opinion towards President Hoover?

Homeless and unemployed people who lived in “shantytowns” blamed Hoover for their economic problems

(9.08) President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s response to Supreme Court decisions that declared several New Deal laws unconstitutional was to _______________________.

propose legislation to increase the size of the Court

(9.07) Which of the following was the major result of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal?

An expansion of the power of the federal government

(9.07) Why did many conservatives criticize Roosevelt's New Deal?

They believed the New Deal did not do enough to help the unemployed and the elderly

(9.08) Which of the following was NOT an impact of FDR’s Second New Deal on labor and workplace reform?

Labor laws for teenagers were eliminated in order to meet demand for job programs

(9.09) Which of the following best describes the effects of the New Deal on the size and power of the federal government?

New Deal programs expanded the ability of the government to intervene in economic affairs

According to the source above, what did Huey Long believe was the solution to poverty? 

Redistributing income that had become concentrated in the hands of the wealthy

 (9.08) Which of the following best describes FDR’s approach to racial and civil rights issues?

He worked with civil rights activists but was hesitant to support any federal legislation

(9.08) How did Social Security differ in its goals from the Works Progress Administration (WPA)?

Social Security provided a long-term safety net for the elderly, rather than temporary job relief

(9.07) Which of the following was the major result of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal?

An expansion of the power of the federal government

(10.1) How did Adolf Hitler's actions regarding the Sudetenland region contribute to the beginning of World War II?

Great Britain and France allowed Hitler to legally annex the Sudetenland, but Hitler began illegally invading more European countries after

Based on the text, what was one significant factor that solidified Stalin's political power in the Soviet Union?

his use of the Soviet media to mold public perception

(10.1) What was the outcome of the British and French policy of appeasement?

Hitler believed he could continue to invade European nations without any obstacles

(10.2) What was the significance of the Battle of Britain in World War II?

It prevented the German air force from gaining air superiority over Britain

(10.2) What was the primary objective of the Lend-Lease Act passed by the United States in 1941?

To lend military equipment and supplies to Allied nations fighting against Axis powers

(10.3) What event led to a decisive shift away from isolationism in the United States?

the attack on Pearl Harbor

(10.3) Why was the Battle of Coral Sea a significant battle in WWII?

It was the first time in the war that Japan’s expansion had successfully been stopped

 (10.4) Why was the Battle of Midway a turning point in the Pacific?

Japan’s heavy losses put their navy at a disadvantage they would not recover from

(10.4) Why was the Battle of Stalingrad a turning point in World War II?

The battle ended Hitler's hopes of dominating the Soviet Union and put Germany on the defensive

 (10.5) What effect did U.S. participation in WWII have on the home front?

An increase in government spending, a boom in manufacturing, and availability of jobs helped end the Great Depression

 (10.5) How did World War II change the employment situation for women?

More women were able to find jobs in manufacturing and other fields not traditionally considered to be women's work

(10.5) Which of the following best describes the impact of migration from the south to the north during WWII?

Increased minority migration led to racial tensions and violence among communities that had previously been mostly white

 (10.6) Why was the strategy of island hopping so important to the Allies' victory in WWII?

It allowed the Allies to strategically move closer to the home islands of Japan

(10.6) What was the goal of the Manhattan Project?

To allow the US to become the first country to produce atomic weapons

(10.7) Which of the following best describes the US response to the Holocaust?

America was reluctant to help in the first years of the war due to economic troubles, immigration policies, and antisemitism at home

(10.6) What was the goal of the Manhattan Project?

To allow the US to become the first country to produce atomic weapons

(10.7) Each of the following factors contributed to the creation of international human rights laws in the aftermath of WWII EXCEPT:

The Axis powers being forced to pay reparations to the families of the millions of civilian war victims

 (11.1) Which of the following factors contributed to the “Baby Boom” of the postwar years?

Soldiers returning from service and benefitting from a healthy postwar economy

(11.2) The Truman Doctrine was established because of fears that

communism would spread to Western European nations

(11.1) What was President Truman’s major contribution to civil rights?

Desegregating the military with an executive order

(11.2) Why was the Berlin Airlift important in the context of the early Cold War?

It illustrated how far the US would go to protect noncommunist Europe

(11.4) How did the arms race affect Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union?

It escalated tensions with the threat of mutual nuclear destruction

 (11.2) NATO and the Warsaw Pact were examples of ________________.

military alliances made for “collective security”

As seen above, Article 5 of the NATO Treaty promises what?

Mutual defense for all member nations

 (11.2) NATO and the Warsaw Pact were examples of ________________.

military alliances made for “collective security”

Based on the source above, how did the US view the Chinese civil war?

The rise of communism in China was seen as unavoidable

(11.3) Why did the United States support the nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek during the Chinese civil war?

The US thought China might become a communist state in Asia

 (11.3) What was the result of the Korean War? 

The Korean War ended in a stalemate, with a ceasefire agreement signed and the Korean peninsula remaining divided along the 38th parallel

(11.4) Operation Paperclip was...

a U.S. military intelligence operation to recruit Nazi scientists during the Cold War

(11.4) What was the main motivation for the US response to the Suez Canal Crisis?

Eisenhower pushed Britain and France to withdraw from Egypt to avoid nuclear war with the USSR

(11.4) What was the significance of the Soviet launch of Sputnik? 

It increased fear in America and led to more competition between the US and USSR

(11.5) How did McCarthyism intensify Cold War tensions?

McCarthyism deepened fear and mistrust among the American people

(11.5) Why was the film industry the first significant postwar target of the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)?

There was a fear that movies might influence people's values and politics

This text underlies what growing phenomenon of the 1950s?

An increase in consumerism and targeted advertising

(11.6) What was the relationship between the development of suburbs and car ownership?

People became increasingly dependent on cars as more suburbs were built

 (11.6) What was one effect of the increasing prevalence of television on American culture?

The concept of an ideal nuclear family was reinforced across the country

(11.6) What was the influence of youth culture on the society of the 1950s? 

Teenagers began to develop their own hobbies and culture away from that of their parents

(11.7) What was the lasting legacy of the Supreme Court’s decision in Brown v. Board of Education? 

African-American students began to attend previously segregated schools

(11.7) Which of the following best describes the significance of the Little Rock Nine?

They were the first black students to integrate their all-white high school

(11.7) What was the significance of the 1955 murder of Emmett Till? 

Till’s death sparked outrage and led to increased calls for civil rights legislation

(11.8) What was the motivation behind President Kennedy’s failed Bay of Pigs invasion?

To overthrow Fidel Castro and replace him with a pro-American leader

(11.8) Why did the policies of Fidel Castro and the Cuban revolutionaries concern the US?

Castro took an aggressive stance against the US and formed an alliance with the USSR

Why did Secretary of State Rusk likely insist that the reporter remember, when reporting on the Cuban Missile Crisis, that the Soviets "blinked first"?

o bolster Kennedy's image as a strong and resolute leader

 (11.8) What was the result of the Cuban Missile Crisis?

The Soviet Union agreed to remove its missiles from Cuba, and the United States promised not to invade Cuba and removed its missiles from Turkey

(12.3) What was deficit spending, and how was it used in the United States in the early 1960s?

  Deficit spending is when the government spends more money than it makes in a given year, and JFK used it to stimulate the economy despite it adding to the national debt. 

(12.1 & 12.3) What best describes President Kennedy’s approach to Civil Rights issues in the 1960s?

 He was cautious with Southern voters, but also used the military to enforce federal civil rights laws.

“a frontier of unfulfilled hopes and threats."

These words were spoken by

 John F. Kennedy. 

(13.1) How did President Nixon contribute to the environmental movement?

  He established the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and approved the Endangered Species Act. 

(13.1) What did the oil embargo reveal about the American economy in the 1970s?

 that it was dependent on the stability of foreign oil supply 

(13.1) How did Nixon’s approach to the Cold War compare with previous Presidents’ policies toward the Cold War?

  Nixon focused on the deescalation of Cold War tensions with the USSR through mutual armaments treaties that limited the number of nuclear missiles each country had.

(13.2) How did Nixon’s “Southern Strategy'' in 1972 impact the United States’ electorate?

 Many voters switched from the Democratic party to the Republican party in opposition to federal civil rights laws 

(13.3) What best explains the popularity of Jimmy Carter during the 1976 election and the beginning of his presidency?

  His image as a political outsider with integrity, appealing to a public disillusioned by the Watergate scandal.

(13.3) What challenge did President Jimmy Carter face during the Iran Hostage Crisis, and how did it affect his presidency?

  The prolonged captivity of American hostages and a failed rescue mission damaged his credibility and contributed to his loss in the 1980 election.

(13.3) Which of the following best describes key aspects of President Jimmy Carter’s foreign policies?

Prioritizing human rights, negotiating peace in the Middle East, and promoting self-determination.

(13.3) Why did President Carter arrange the Camp David Accords?

 to try to secure a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel 

(13.4) Which message did Betty Friedan articulate in The Feminine Mystique?

  Many women were dissatisfied with only being a housewife. 

(13.4) How did Phyllis Schlafly's activism affect the women's movement in the United States during the 1970s and 1980s?

  She mobilized conservative women to oppose feminism and the ERA, arguing it would harm traditional family values.

(13.5) Which of the following best describes the values of the ‘60s and ‘70s counterculture?

  Politically left-wing, anti-war, and supported women’s and civil rights