core document 3 history quiz

Maxim gun

first european machine gun used against africa

Henry morton stanley

goes to Congo to scout for colony in 1879 for King Leopold II of Belgium (Wanted rubber from trees for bicycles)

1884 berlin conference

conference between france, england, germany, spain, portugal, italy and belgium for annexing africa hosted by otto von bismark

how did modern military affect 1896

Ethiopian army marched against Italy, won and secured their territory

Congo free state casualties

similar to holocaust (estimated 10 million)

Boer war

Descended from dutch colonists that fought against the british

King Leopold II

 instituted slavery with the Force Publique army, steals from Belgium treasury, 10 years of unrestrained slavery, gets humanitarian awards while lying

Cecil rhodes

1880 colonial governor who shaped british policy in south africa (Founded beers diamond company)

Cape to Cairo

railway that stopped due to germany claiming land

British East India Company

traded with merchants to support economy, Tea, cotton, opium, and spices were all extremely valuable resources found in India (not ruled as colony rn)

Raj

British established a colonial government after revolt, queen Victoria became empress of India

The Sepoy Rebellion of 1857

Indian soldiers employed by the British as a security force Took control of Delhi and killed citizens living there

effects of British in India

destroyed the local textile industries with mass production, lawed tax system/misuse of land, peasants being stripped of their holdings, widespread famine

modernization of British in India

built some factories, Railroads, courts, schools, and post offices

Opium War (1839-1842)

Merchants are executed to stop opium from being unloaded at ports, British naval superiority with steam powered ships

Yangzi River battle

British cut off Nanjing, forcing the Chinese to give Hong Kong

M: militarism in Europe

British naval dominance through first dreadnaught (battleship) results in rivalry with Germany

MAIN causes for WW1

militarism, alliances, imperialism and nationalism

Ultimatum is issued on July 23, 1914

Austria wants to put serbia (not allied with anyone) to be put on trial for murder

blank check

Kaiser William II emperor of germany (wants war) gives any support to austria against serbia

July 28, 1914

Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia

Central powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire

Allied powers

France, Russia, Serbia, Great Britain, Italy

Stalemate

battle lines would remain almost the same for all four years of the war on the Western Front.

invasion of Belgium

Germany declares war on France and Russia

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Russia signed treaty with Germany to get out of war

Lusitania sunk 1915

1,200 passengers including 128 Americans die (secretly had aid for britain)

Russian Revolution of 1917

Hungry and angry peasants revolted, monarchy falls and Tsar Nicholas II bails

Zimmerman Telegram

German foreign minister, Arthur Zimmerman tries to instigate Mexico to attack USA (warned by Britain) so they are too busy to interrupt

Kaiser William II

 abdicated his throne and fled to the Netherlands in november 1918

Benito mussolini

formed fascist party (paramilitary group) to make veterans into his personal army aka blackshirts

effects of II Duce (The Leader) 1925

rigged elections, censored press, workers not allowed to go on strike

Fascism Characteristics

nationalism, militarism, aggressive foreign expansion, weakness of democracy, economic crises

Weimar republic

Germany was no longer a monarchy, established a written constitution, parliament had a elected chancellor

what did Hitler do in 1920?

Joined german worker’s party (DAP) aka national socialist german workers party (Nazis)

Putsch beer hall

paramilitary of 600 brownshirts march to overthrow government in Munich

How did prison change Hitler?

previously encouraged hostile takeover, after he wanted to take control of government politically (130,000 members by 1929)

1932 election

Hitler became chancellor 1933 (president gave him title after coming in second in presidential race)

Reichstag fire (Berlin house for german parliament in 1933 burned)

Dutch communist arrested and killed quickly, Hitler used incident for emergency power

Enabling act

Removes authority from german parliament, gives law crafting to Hitler, no more democracy

Nazi germany affects

Anti-intellectualism, encourage book burnings, outlaw culture (some kinds of music ect.)