Set #2: Reasons for European Colonization

English Bill of Rights

*1689*

1. protected the rights of individual,

2. gave anyone accused of a crime the right to a trial by jury,

3. established that rulers couldn't raise taxes without Parliament approval

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

First state constitution written in America -

extended suffrage by allowing non-church members to vote.

Great Awakening

Period of huge religious revival throughout the colonies, with emotional preaching by Jonathon Edwards and George Whitefield.

Effect: Many new Protestant churches were established.

House of Burgesses

1st representative government,

established in Jamestown, VA to make laws for the settlement.

Jamestown, Virginia

1607 - 1st permanent/successful English settlement in America.

Magna Carta "Great Charter"

- 1215 -

1.) Monarchs/kings have to obey laws

2.) Citizens have basic rights.

3.) It limited the king's ability to tax English nobles.

4.) It guaranteed due process - "Trial by Jury".

Mayflower Compact

-1620-

Agreement signed by the Pilgrims and "strangers" while still on the Mayflower/boat

They all agreed to establish a self-government - rules for the settlement.

** First step toward representative government.

Mercantilism

An economic policy to increase Mother Country's wealth and power by obtaining natural resources from colonies - then - selling manufactured goods back to the colonies for a higher price.

Middle Passage

The most dangerous leg of the Triangular Trade where millions of people from Africa were kidnapped, sold, and shipped as slaves to the Americas.

Parliament

Great Britain's legislature/law making body.

Plantation System

Very large farms in the Southern Colonies where cash crops such as cotton, indigo, rice, and tobacco are gorwn a.k.a. Plantation Agriculture.

Religious Persecution

The mistreatment of an individual or group because of their religious beliefs. Ex: Pilgrims

Representative Government

A government system that allowed the people to vote and elect officials to represent the them in making laws.

Trans Atlantic Slave Trade

The trading of slaves across the Atlantic Ocean from Africa to Europe, North, Central, and South America.

Plymouth

Colony settled by the Pilgrims in 1620 and will become the Massachusetts Bay colony.

Triangular Trade

A systematic trading network in which goods and slaves were traded among North and South America, the West Indies, Britain, Europe, and Africa.