Unit 5: An Age of Revolution and Empire Study Guide

Factors that contributed to the Ottoman Empire decline:

• Development of other trade routes, rising unemployment, corruption, etc. 

• Became less centralized

What were the Intentions behind the edict of 1635? How did it reflect a policy of isolationism?

• Closed borders to foreigners 

• Isolate themselves from the rest of the world

• Did not want Christianity to spread or trade with other countries (Europeans) 

• Purpose: explore views of Japanese government towards outsiders

French Revolution: Identify the 3 Estates system.

• Estates: 1st: Clergy / 2nd: Nobility / 3rd: Everyone else 

• 3rd Estate pays heavy taxes that supported the other estates

French Revolution: Identify the Philosopher(s) who inspired the document above (Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen)

• John Locke

• Inspired by promoting individual liberties and freedoms.

Catherine the Great: Identify the term: Enlightened Despot 

An absolute ruler who is influenced by the philosophies of the enlightenment.

Otto Von Bismarck: How does “Blood and Iron” reflect a policy of militarism and nationalism? 

militarism - highlighting the need for military strength to achieve goals

nationalism - by promoting a unified nation focused on it’s people.

• Causes of Industrial Revolution in England:

  • Refer to the maps to the right and describe what changed and why.

• England develops new cities around natural resources such as coal fields. 

• Went from rural areas to urban industrial cities. 

  Effects: environmental issues / innovations like steam engines that power factories and employ people in England.

Adam Smith: Identify “The Wealth of Nations” and laissez faire economics.

Promotes minimal government involvement, leading to increased wealth for business owners

“The White Man’s Burden”: Identify the purpose and how it relates to imperialism

• Justifies imperialism and colonialism 

• Europeans believed they had to civilize the people they controlled

What were the Opium Wars?

• Opium Wars - conflicts fought in China in the mid-19th century between the forces of western countries and the Qing dynasty. 

Treaty of Nanjing: what was the outcome and who benefited?

Treaty of Nanjing ended the first Opium War and gave the British the island of Hong Kong and better trade deals.

Africa: Identify the Resource Curse.

When a place is rich in natural resources but does not have the tools to handle them.

Lot's of resources: Can do more harm than good

Africa: Identify the purpose behind colonization of Africa.

European countries colonized Africa for natural resources

Simón Bolivar: What was the motivation for independence? What was his goal?

He aimed to unify South America, motivated by the enlightenment and other revolutions.

Commodore Perry and the Meiji Japan: What happened? Who was involved? How did Japan change?

• Perry came to Japan and forced them to trade with the U.S. and end their period of isolationism. 

• Japan opened more ports to trade with the U.S. and other countries.

Where was the ottoman empire located?

Middle East (Modern Day Turkey)