Naming Hydrocarbons

Prefix for 1 carbon:

meth

Prefix for 2 carbons:

Eth

Prefix for 3 carbons:

prop

Prefix for 4 carbons:

but

Prefix for 5 carbons

pent

Prefix for 6 carbons:

hex

Prefix for 7 carbons:

sept

Prefix for 8 carbons:

oct

Prefix for 9 carbons:

non

Prefix for 10 carbons:

dec

Suffix for single bond:

ane

Suffix for double bond:

-ene

Suffix for triple bond:

-yne

Phosphate Group

A functional group consisting of a phosphorus atom covalently bonded to four oxygen atoms

- Top O has double bond O- at bottom

Methyl Group

A chemical group consisting of a carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms.

- Bound to DNA and affects expressions of genes

(CH3)

hydroxl group

Hydroxide bonded to carbon skeleton; -OH or HO-

Alcohol group that attracts water molecules

Carbonyl Group

a chemical group consisting of a carbon atom linked by a double bond to an oxygen atom

Ketone - Within Skeleton

Aldehydes - End of Skeleton

Carboxyl Group

A -COOH group, found in organic acids.

Amino Group

a chemical group consisting of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms

-Acts as a base