Legal Basis of Laws Related to Gender, Society, Peace, and Education

Flashcards covering the legal framework and specific Republic Acts regarding gender equality, child protection, and peace education in the Philippines.

Legal Basis

Constitutional provisions, national laws, and international agreements that protect human rights, promote gender equality, and prevent gender discrimination.

Gender

The roles, rights, and opportunities of all people.

Society

A community where people live, interact, and should be treated equally.

1987 Philippine Constitution

The highest law of the Philippines which guarantees equality, protects human rights, ensures equal protection, and prohibits discrimination.

Magna Carta of Women (Republic Act No. 9710)

A law that protects and promotes women's rights, eliminates discrimination, and ensures equal opportunities in education, employment, healthcare, and leadership.

Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act (RA 9262)

A law that protects women and kids from abuse at home by a partner or ex-partner to stop violence and keep victims safe.

Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995 (RA 7877)

A law that punishes sexual harassment in school, work, or training to make schools and offices safe and respectful.

Safe Spaces Act (Republic Act No. 11313)

A Philippine law against gender-based sexual harassment that protects women, men, and LGBTQ+ individuals in public places, schools, workplaces, transportation, and online space.

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)

A United Nations (UN) treaty signed and ratified by the Philippines that aims to eliminate discrimination against women and ensure equal rights in all areas of life.

Peace Education

A multidisciplinary approach that equips individuals with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to prevent conflict, resolve disputes nonviolently, and build a culture of peace.

Article II, Section 2

A provision of the $1987$ Philippine Constitution that renounces war and promotes adherence to international law and peaceful relations.

Article II, Section 5

A provision of the $1987$ Philippine Constitution that ensures peace and order while protecting life, liberty, property, and the general welfare.

Article XIV, Section 1

A provision of the $1987$ Philippine Constitution that guarantees every Filipino's right to quality and accessible education.

Article XIV, Section 3

A provision of the $1987$ Philippine Constitution that promotes patriotism, human rights, moral values, discipline, critical thinking, and civic responsibility through education.

Executive Order No. 570

Issued in $2006$, this order establishes the Peace Education Program and mandates the DepEd and CHED to implement it.

Republic Act No. 7610

The Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation, and Discrimination Act, which protects children below $18$ (or older if unable to protect themselves) from abuse, exploitation, and neglect.

Republic Act No. 10821

The Children's Emergency Relief and Protection Act, which ensures the protection of children, pregnant women, and lactating mothers before, during, and after disasters.

Republic Act No. 11188

A human rights law enacted on January $10, 2019$, that institutionalizes protection mechanisms for children affected by armed conflict.

Zones of Peace

Under RA $11188$, children, schools, hospitals, and daycare centers are officially declared as civilian-protected areas where no attacks, military use, or recruitment shall happen.

Prohibition of Recruitment and Use of Children

Under RA $11188$, it is unlawful to recruit or involve children below $18$ in hostilities as spies, couriers, human shields, or combatants, with penalties up to life imprisonment and a fine of $\text{₱}50,000$ - $\text{₱}500,000$.