Lab UNIT 1 Exam Review

what are the 6 structural organization of an organism smallest to largest? ** Cute Cats Take Our Orange Outfits

Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism

How many chromosomes do humans have?

46

haploid

1 set of chromosome

Diploid

2 sets of chromosomes

what is osmotic pressure?

it is fluid pressure required to exactly oppose osmosis

Hypotonic

the solute concentration is higher IN the cell

Hypertonic

the solute concentration is higher OUTSIDE of the cell.

Passive Transport

cell does NOT need to expand for energy

Active Transport

cell DOES need to expand for energy

what are 2 types of bulk transport?

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Endocytosis

cell takes materials IN by forming a vesicle

Exocytosis

cell sends materials OUT using a vesicle

what is the purpose of cellular membrane?

it surrounds the cell and controls what enters and what leaves

what are some other molecules imbeded in the cellular membrane?

Proteins=does most of the job

Cholestrol= keeps it stable

carbohydrates= is the communcation

cell stages in order

1. G1 phase (grows)

2. S phase (synthesize copies DNA)

3. G2 phase (gets ready)

4. M phase

which phase takes place during interpharse?

what is a serous membrane?

THIN membrane that lines and protects certain body cavities and covers organs inside

what is the purpose of the serous membrane?

its purpose is to produce fluid to allow organs to run smoothly

which side of the serous membrane faces the organ?

Visceral layer

which side of the serous membrane faces the membrane wall?

Parietal layer

3 key properties of water

high heat compacity, high heat vaporation, and reactivity

what is a solvent?

the substance that DISSOLVES something

what is a solute?

is a substance that GETS dissolved

what are the 4 major elements found in the body?

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Hydrophobic

does NOT want to interact or dissolve

hydrophilic

WANTS to attract and interacts with water

where would you find hydrophilic and hydrophobic within the cell?

found in cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer)

do acids donate or accepts hydrogen ions?

does BASES accept or donate hydrogen ions?

what is the pH scale used for?

to measure hydrogen ions concentration

what is the normal human pH blood?

what is acidosis

blood is too acidic

what is alkalosis

blood is too BASIC

what are the three types of muscle tissues?

Skeletal,Cardiac,Smooth

which type is voluntary?

is the heart involuntary or voluntary

are smooth organs voluntary or involuntary

which one is branched?

what are the 4 basis types of tissues?

nervous, connective, epitheial, muscle

all tissues have what TWO major components

Cells and extracellular matrix

TWO major characteristics of epithelial tissue?

Avascular and has a basement membrane

what are some functions of epithelial tissue?

Protects, absorbs, filters

simple tissue is how many layers?

stratified is how many layers?

what are the 3 cell shapes of epithelial cells?

*SCC= squamous, cubodial, columnar

what are the 2 layers of the dermis?

1. papillary layer

2. reticular layer

which layer of the dermis is responsible for epidermal ridges?

Visceral

touch/covers the organ

parietal

lines the body wall