Kohlberg Piaget and Erikson's stages of development

3

How many levels?

6

How many stages?

3-7 yrs old

Ilang taon usually pag nasa preconventional morality?

Stage 1: Avoid punishment

Stage 2: What do I get out of this

Stages under Level 1 - Preconventional Morality

Stage 3: Good Boy/Girl

Stage 4: Obey the laws

Stages under Level 2 - Conventional Morality (8-13 yrs old)

Stage 5: Social contract & individual rights

Stage 6: Universal ethical principles

Stages under Level 3 - Postconventional Morality (13 and above)

The reason

What aspect did Kohlberg focus on?

Cosmic Stage

People consider the effect of their actions not only on other people but on the universe as a whole

T

(T/F) Just because a person is capable of moral reasoning does not necessarily mean the person actually engages in moral reasoning

Carol Gilligan’s Stages of Ethic of Care

Heteronomous Morality (moral realism)

Piaget

• Morality where the focus is on the outcomes/consequences

• 4-7 yrs old

Autonomous Morality (moral relativism)

Piaget

• Moral reasoning where intent is the focus

• 10 yrs and older

Stage 1

Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy):Infants develop a sense of trust if caregivers consistently meet their needs, leading to a belief that the world is safe and predictable.

Stage 2

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Toddlerhood): Children learn to assert their independence and control over their bodies and environment, developing a sense of autonomy or experiencing shame and doubt if they are overly restricted. 

Stage 3

3. Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool):

Children begin to initiate activities, develop a sense of purpose, and gain confidence in their abilities, or they may experience guilt and self-doubt if they are discouraged. 

Stage 4

Industry vs. Inferiority (School Age)

Children develop a sense of competence and self-worth through schoolwork, hobbies, and social interactions, or they may experience feelings of inferiority and inadequacy if they fail to meet expectations. 

Stage 5

Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence): Adolescents explore different identities and roles, seeking to determine who they are and what they want to do, or they may experience role confusion and a lack of direction. 

Stage 6

Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood): Individuals develop intimate relationships, including romantic partnerships and friendships, or they may experience isolation and loneliness. 

Stage 7

Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood):

Adults focus on contributing to society and future generations, through parenting, mentoring, or creating a legacy, or they may experience stagnation and a lack of purpose.

Stage 8

8. Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood):

Individuals reflect on their lives, accepting their accomplishments and failures with a sense of integrity, or they may experience despair and regret.