Peds Growth and Dev

Infant (Birth-1 yr) Erikson

Trust vs Mistrust: infants learn to trust their caregivers for basic needs.

Infants develop a fundamental sense of trust when their basic needs for what are consistently and predictably met by caregivers?

food, comfort, and security

Infant (Birth-1 yrs) Piaget

Sensorimotor stage: infants learn through sensory experiences and movement.

In Piaget’s sensorimotor stage, birth to 1 month consists of what?

reflexive actions: sucking, grasping reflexes

In Piaget’s sensorimotor stage, 1-4 months consists of what?

Primary circular reactions, repeating pleasurable actions

In Piaget’s sensorimotor stage, 4-8 months consists of what?

Secondary circular reactions: Intentional actions on objects

In Piaget’s sensorimotor stage, 8-12 months consists of what?

Object permanence- understanding that objects exsist when hidden

Toddlers (1-3yr) Erikson

Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt: The child is increasingly independent in many spheres of life. “I can do it”

What is the “shame and doubt” part of Erikson’s second stage of psychosocial development mean?

Criticism or over control from caregivers to toddlers at this stage can lead to shame and self doubt.

Toddlers (1-3yrs) Piaget

Sensorimotor —> Preoperational : begins to use words, symbols and mental images to represent objects and experiences.

In Piaget’s Sensorimotor to Preoperational stage, 12-18 months consists of what?

Increasing curiosity for how things work (open boxes, pushing buttons, cause/effect)

In Piaget’s Sensorimotor to Preoperational stage, 18-24 months consists of what?

Language explosion! Fast vocab growth, 2 word combos

In Piaget’s Sensorimotor to Preoperational stage, 24-36 months consists of what?

Symbolic play! Block=phone, Box=Car etc.

Preschool (3-6yr) Erikson

Initiative vs Guilt: child likes to initiate play activities

Preschool (3-6yr) Piaget

Preoperational: symbolic thinking w/ cognitive limitations (egocentrisim, magical thinking).

Preschool (3-6yr) Piaget components?

• magical thinking- wishes/thoughts can come true

• Egocentrism- difficulty seeing situations from other’s viewpoints

• illness as punishment- got sick bc they were “bad”.

School age (6-12yr) Erikson

Industry vs inferiority : gains sense of self worth from involvement in activities.

School age (6-12yr) Piaget

Concrete Operational Stage: develop logical thinking abilities- ONLY concrete and tangible situations

According to Piaget what can school age children ages 6-12yr understand?

cause/effect, conservation of mass, reversability

What is logical thinking defined?

Can organize objects by multiple characteristics and understand classification systems

What is cause/effect defined?

Understands that actions have consequences and can predict outcomes based on prior experience

What is conservation of mass defined?

Recognizes that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape or arrangement

Adolescent (12-18yr) Erikson

Identity vs Role confusion: The adolescent’s search for self- identity leads to independence from parents and reliance on peers.

Adolescent (12-18yr) Piaget

Formal Operational Stage: The adolescent is capable of mature, abstract thought. (abstract, hypothetical, logical deduction, metacognition)

Abstract thinking defined?

grasp complex concepts, symbols or theories not tied to concrete objects or experiences.

Hypothetical defined?

“what ifs”

Logical Deduction defined?

Systematically test hypotheses, analyze variables, and draw logical conclusions becomes refined.

Metacognition defined?

aware of one's own thought processes, enabling deeper self-reflection and more strategic problem- solving approaches.