Short Term Effects of exercise on Body systems

Cardio-Vascular System

• Stroke volume (volume of blood pumped by each beat) will increase.

• Heart rate (bpm) will increase.

• Cardiac output ( volume of blood pumped per minute) will increase.

• Blood pressure will increase to send oxygenated blood quickly to the working muscles, and back to the heart to remove waste products.

• Body temperature will increase. To counter this, vasodilation will take place to help heat loss.

Cardio-Respiratory System

• Breathing rate or breathing frequency (number of breaths a minute) will increase.

• Tidal volume ( amount of air that passes in and out of the lungs during breathing) will increase.

• Minute volume (volume of air breathed in and out in one minute) will increase.

• Changes are made to increase the capacity of the cardio respiratory system to transport oxygen from the lungs to the heart, and carbon dioxide and other waste products from the heart to the lungs where they can be removed from the body.

Muscular-Skeletal System

• Temperature of working muscles will increase due to friction caused by the muscles contracting and the increased blood flowing through muscles.

• Muscles become more elastic, increasing the mobility or range of movement at the joint.

• Transport of nutrients to working muscles will increase in response to the increase demands made by muscles.

Energy systems

• Waste products such as Lactic Acid/Pyruvic Acid/Carbon dioxide, are produced as a result of short term exercise and the build up of any waste products will eventually impact on the level of performance.