psych: Pszchio- and Social Therapy (share)

In cognitive behavioral therapy, what does the term 'collaborative empiricism' refer to?

A) empirically supported evidence based psychotherapy

B) a system where the therapist is in charge of the patient's goals

C) the collaboration of people in cognitive group therapy

D) the collaborative relationship between a patient and a therapist

D) the collaborative relationship between a patient and a therapist

EXPLANATION

Collaborative empiricism is the term used to refer to a patient and therapists working together to help the patient solve specific problems and achieve personal goals.

Which is a goal of cognitive behavioral therapy?

A) telling people how to live

B) giving standardized rules to live by

C) teaching people to discover new thought patterns to change behaviors

C) teaching people to discover new thought patterns to change behaviors

EXPLANATION

The goal of cognitive behavioral therapy is to reevaluate negative thought structures, thereby achieving behavioral change. It strives to cooperate with the patient, the goal is to create a personalized change.

In operant conditioning behavioral reinforcers:

A) always raise behavioral probability

B) are always positive

C) do not raise behavioral probability

D) are never positive

A) always raise behavioral probability

Asking the family to develop a family crest or finish sentences such as 'being close in this family is' are ways to gain insight into

A) family genograms

B) family myths

C) the structural design of the family

D) the Milan Model

B) family myths

EXPLANATION

Family myths are essentially the ideology of the family. They are the common ways of interacting within a particular family unit, upon which the family members agree. While they tend to be distortions of reality, they generally are understood within the family unit. Roles are often assigned to members of the family based on these myths.

The abandonment of a family ritual is often related to

A) the loss of a beloved pet

B) family members moving away from home

C) the onset of dysfunction within the family structure

D) new family member is born

C) the onset of dysfunction within the family structure

EXPLANATION

When a patient makes statements such as, 'we always used to have a birthday dinner, but not anymore,' one often can note the onset of dysfunction prior to the abandonment of that family ritual.

In family therapy, which of the following statements is described best by the term 'disengagement'?

A) the emotional 'disconnection' between adult and child

B) an elevated level of intimacy between family members

C) the ending of an engagement to marry

D) the traits of a family

D) the traits of a family

EXPLANATION

The term 'disengagement' often describes the traits of a family or the current type of family interaction or functioning. Disengaged families lack intimacy between the members. Family members may feel isolated, have limited understanding of each other, and have limited common interests or interactions.

Jerry hears a fellow group member say, 'I am really struggling with this divorce. I can't see my way to the other side sometimes. It seems like I'll never feel better.' Jerry just experienced a break-up himself, which spun him into a depression. Though the group member's situation is unfortunate, Jerry feels a little better hearing about it. Jerry is experiencing which curative factor of group therapy?

A) imitative behavior

B) imparting information

C) instillation of hope

D) universality

D) universality

EXPLANATION

Jerry is experiencing universality, when a member is relieved that he/she is not alone and that others share similar problems.

Necessary precondition for effective group therapy.

A) selection of homologous patients (with the same diagnosis)

B) prior acquaintance between group members

C) intimacy for self disclosure

D) frequent contact between group therapy sessions

B) prior acquaintance between group members

Effectively used psychotherapeutic method in analgesia and anaesthesia:

A) psychoanalysis

B) hypnotherapy

C) autogenic training

D) interpersonal psychotherapy

B) hypnotherapy

In psychoeducation, family members are:

A) included with the patient in the training

B) discouraged from taking part

C) never present

D) part of the teaching team

A) included with the patient in the training

One aim of community psychiatry treatment is:

A) to teach reasonable goals to the patient

B) to help the patient to identify his/her personal goals

C) to alienate the patient from his family

D) to restrict the patient's participation in the community

B) to help the patient to identify his/her personal goals

It is NOT part of the problem solving training:

A) identification of the problem

B) brainstorming

C) selection of the problem solving strategy

D) exploration of childhood unmet needs

D) exploration of childhood unmet needs

Ergotherapy is:

A) movement therapy

B) vocational therapy

C) a therapy, which belongs to the third wave of cognitive therapy

D) mindfulness therapy

B) vocational therapy

This form of treatment is organized by democratic principles. Its important part is the large group, where all members of the group are allowed to express his/her opinion. The patients have special tasks and are receiving psychotherapy and sociotherapy. Its main therapeutic effect is based on the functioning of the institute.

A) closed department

B) therapeutic community

C) ambulant psychotherapy

D) sheltered workplace

B) therapeutic community

The main obstacle to psychiatric rehabilitation is:

A) paranoid schizophrenia

B) bipolar affective disorder

C) lack of motivation

D) eating disorder

C) lack of motivation

What are the basic coping strategies in danger? (There are three correct answers)

1) fight

2) relaxation

3) flight

4) exploration

5) freezing

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct

B) only the 2nd, 3rd and 4th answers are correct

C) only the 1st, 3rd and 5th answers are correct

D) only the 2nd, 4th and 5th answers are correct

C) only the 1st, 3rd and 5th answers are correct

1) fight

3) flight

5) freezing

The stages of autogenic training include:

1) focus on sensation of heaviness throughout the arms and legs

2) focus on sensation of warmth throughout the arms and legs

3) focus on sensation of warmth and heaviness in the area of the heart

4) focus on hyperventilation

5) focus on breathing

6) focus on sensation of warmth in the abdomen

7) focus on sensation of coolness in the forehead

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct

B) only the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 7th answers are correct

C) only the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th and 7th answers are correct

D) only the 4th answer is correct

E) all of the answers are correct

C) only the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th and 7th answers are correct

1) focus on sensation of heaviness throughout the arms and legs

2) focus on sensation of warmth throughout the arms and legs

3) focus on sensation of warmth and heaviness in the area of the heart

5) focus on breathing

6) focus on sensation of warmth in the abdomen

7) focus on sensation of coolness in the forehead

Community psychiatry treatment is taking place in the following circumstances:

1) at the home of the patient

2) library, community center

3) psychiatric outpatient units

4) psychiatric intensive care unit

5) public places

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 5th answers are correct

B) only the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th answers are correct

C) only the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th answers are correct

D) only the 5th answer is correct

E) all of the answers are correct

B) only the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th answers are correct

1) at the home of the patient

2) library, community center

3) psychiatric outpatient units

5) public places

Components of emotional communication training used in psychiatric rehabilitation:

1) expression of positive emotions

2) expression of negative emotions

3) positive request

4) active listening

5) education about the nature of delusions

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 5th answers are correct

B) only the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th answers are correct

C) only the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th answers are correct

D) only the 5th answer is correct

E) all of the answers are correct

B) only the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th answers are correct

1) expression of positive emotions

2) expression of negative emotions

3) positive request

4) active listening

The main steps of vocational rehabilitation are:

1) skills and goals assessment

2) vocational psychology assessment

3) development of a vocational rehabilitation plan

4) measuring the body mass index (BMI)

5) training of communication and conflict management at the workplace

6) skills training

A) only the 1st, 2nd, 4th and 5th answers are correct

B) only the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th answers are correct

C) only the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th answers are correct

D) only the 6th answer is correct

E) all of the answers are correct

B) only the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th answers are correct

1) skills and goals assessment

2) vocational psychology assessment

3) development of a vocational rehabilitation plan

5) training of communication and conflict management at the workplace

6) skills training

A smoking medical doctor emphasizes that smoking has advantages in the prevention of obesity. Which ego defense is used in this case?

A) dissociation

B) splitting

C) rationalization

D) reaction formation

C) rationalization

Emotions appear in the therapist toward the patient during psychodynamic psychotherapy. The phenomenon is called:

A) transference

B) countertransference

C) identification

D) acting out

B) countertransference

EXPLANATION

Countertransference was described by Freud.

The displacement of attitudes and feelings originally experienced in relationships with persons from the past onto the analyst is called:

A) acting out

B) free association

C) transference

D) anxiety

C) transference

EXPLANATION

The therapist's role is to help the patient gain insight into the transference.

The description of the collective unconscious was done by:

A) Jung

B) Freud

C) Sullivan

D) Rogers

E) Stekel

A) Jung

EXPLANATION

Jung established the school called analytical psychology.

Individual psychology was introduced by:

A) Alfred Adler

B) C. G.Jung

C) Freud

D) Kohut

A) Alfred Adler

According to person-centered psychotherapy empathy means:

1) reflexion of feelings

2) perceiving, understanding and feed-back of feelings and motivations

3) identifying and reflecting non-verbal and meta-communicative messages

4) the therapist totally and really (not only 'as if') feels and experiences the situation of the client (identifies with the client)

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct

B) only the 1st and 3rd answers are correct

C) only the 2nd and 4th answers are correct

D) only the 4th answer is correct

E) all of the answers are correct

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct

1) reflexion of feelings

2) perceiving, understanding and feed-back of feelings and motivations

3) identifying and reflecting non-verbal and meta-communicative messages

EXPLANATION

In person-centered therapy empathy is considered as the identification and reflexion ' mirroring ' of feelings and motivations, which also involves the decoding of meta-communicative messages. Feed-back helps to develop self-knowledge and introspection. The therapist should not identify with the client, he rather experiences an 'as if' reality of the client's feelings and motivations.

Person-centered therapy emphasizes the reflecting, mirroring characteristic of empathy through the following communication tool:

A) unconditional positive regard

B) empathetic verbalization

C) congruence

D) interpretation

B) empathetic verbalization

Which does apply to unconditional positive regard, a core feature of therapists?

1) neutral emotional attention

2) the ability to directly steer the relationship

3) acceptance of moral and social values as condition

4) the patient's thoughts, feelings, and actions cannot be questioned in any way

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct

B) only the 1st and 3rd answers are correct

C) only the 2nd and 4th answers are correct

D) only the 4th answer is correct

E) none of the answers are correct

E) none of the answers are correct

EXPLANATION

all of the above contradict the principle of unconditional positive regard

Which does NOT apply to a therapist with an unconditional positive regard as a core feature

1) evaluates the personality, characteristics and behaviour of the client

2) applies his/her own views and problems as analogies during therapy session

3) steers the conversation in order to keep it in the appropriate direction

4) keeps cold distance in order to avoid unnecessary counter-transference

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct

B) only the 1st and 3rd answers are correct

C) only the 2nd and 4th answers are correct

D) only the 4th answer is correct

E) all of the answers are correct

E) all of the answers are correct

1) evaluates the personality, characteristics and behaviour of the client

2) applies his/her own views and problems as analogies during therapy session

3) steers the conversation in order to keep it in the appropriate direction

4) keeps cold distance in order to avoid unnecessary counter-transference

EXPLANATION

all of the above contradict the principle of unconditional positive regard

One of the core principles of person-centered therapy is unconditional positive regard. Its elements are:

1) intense attention paid to the behaviour and communication of the client in order to perceive the positive elements and values in them

2) the ability to separate the person from his characteristics and behaviour

3) faith in the preciousness of every human being in its own (independent of their characteristics), commitment towards the client

4) believing that everybody is able to change positively under the appropriate conditions

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct

B) only the 1st and 3rd answers are correct

C) only the 2nd and 4th answers are correct

D) only the 4th answer is correct

E) all of the answers are correct

E) all of the answers are correct

1) intense attention paid to the behaviour and communication of the client in order to perceive the positive elements and values in them

2) the ability to separate the person from his characteristics and behaviour

3) faith in the preciousness of every human being in its own (independent of their characteristics), commitment towards the client

4) believing that everybody is able to change positively under the appropriate conditions

EXPLANATION

All of the above are necessary for unconditional acceptance, which is a central element of person-centered psychotherapy.

Congruence or genuineness as therapeutic quality means the following:

1) verbal and non-verbal messages match each other and the inner state of the therapist

2) harmony of mature self-knowledge, self-image and experiences

3) an important aspect of psychic health and maturity

4) the therapist is transparent, does not play a role, does not wear a mask and does not hide

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct

B) only the 1st and 3rd answers are correct

C) only the 2nd and 4th answers are correct

D) only the 4th answer is correct

E) all of the answers are correct

E) all of the answers are correct

1) verbal and non-verbal messages match each other and the inner state of the therapist

2) harmony of mature self-knowledge, self-image and experiences

3) an important aspect of psychic health and maturity

4) the therapist is transparent, does not play a role, does not wear a mask and does not hide

EXPLANATION

All of the above are necessary for congruence, which is important for therapists.

Which is NOT a specific factor in person-centered therapy?

A) unconditional positive regard

B) empathy

C) congruence

D) interpretation

D) interpretation

EXPLANATION

Specific influencing factors in person-centered therapy are unconditional acceptance, empathy and congruence. Interpretation is not a tool of person-centered therapy.

Specific factors of person-centered therapy according to Carl Rogers are the following:

1) empathy

2) congruence

3) unconditional positive regard

4) conflict management

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct

B) only the 1st and 3rd answers are correct

C) only the 2nd and 4th answers are correct

D) only the 4th answer is correct

E) all of the answers are correct

A) only the 1st, 2nd and 3rd answers are correct

1) empathy

2) congruence

3) unconditional positive regard

EXPLANATION

empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard are specific factors, but conflict management is not

The following phenomena are part of psychodynamic psychotherapy:\

A) transference

B) countertransference

C) empathic validation

D) clarification

E) all the above

E) all the above