HOA03 - Lecture 09 (Modernism and International Style)

International Style

this architectural style is suited to skyscraper architecture, where its sleek "modern" look, absence of decoration and use of steel and glass, became synonymous with corporate modernism during the period 1955 - 1970.

Expression of volume, emphasis on balance, expulsion of applied ornament

The aim of Hitchcock and Johnson as to define a style that would encapsulate modern architecture. The Three Principles

Rectilinear forms, place surfaces completely devoid of ornamentation and Early form of minimalism

international style is well-known for its _____________________________________________________

Le Corbusier

International Style regions - most important figures in Modern Architecture: France

Ludwig Mies van Der Rohe & Walter Gropius

International Style regions - most important figures in Modern Architecture: Germany

Charles Edouard Jeannearet - Gris

Also known as Le Corbusier. Father of International Style. Formalized International Modernism.

Villa Savoye

Le Corbusier; Fire Points of Architecture

Free Plan

Five Points of Architecture: 1st

Free Facade

Five Points of Architecture: 2nd

Pilotis

Five Points of Architecture: 3rd

A Terrace

Five Points of Architecture: 4th

Ribbon Window

Five Points of Architecture: 5th

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

Third and last director of Bauhaus. Developed a design approach based on advanced structural techniques and Prussian Classicism. borrowed from the post and lintel construction of Karl Friedrich Schinkel for his designs in steel and glass.

Weissenhof Apartment House

Designed by Van der Rohe; one of the first and most defining manifestations of International style

Walter Gropius

German architect who broke form previous design with light, airy, bright buildings of glass and iron. First director of Bauhaus.

Curtain Wall

An exterior building wall that is supported entirely by the frame of the building, rather than being self-supporting or load bearing.

Fagus Works Shoe factory

first of the truly modern buildings. A cubic block that had glass curtain walling, extending around corners with no need for additional support.

The Glass Palace

a celebration of transparency, formerly a fashion house.

het Nieuwe Bouwen

The architectural style which corresponds roughly to Modernism, Bauhaus and International style in Netherland.

Bauhaus School

Under Gropius, German, School of architecture that brought together modern architecture - glass and steel

Philadelphia Savings Fund Society Building

world's first international skyscraper designed by William Lescaze and George Howe. A 32-story tower with a skeleton of structural steel and ribbon-like bands of windows

Marcel Breuer

his first projects in the US are mostly domestic. distinguished by an attention to detail and a clarity of expression

Philip Johnson

"Architecture is the art of how to waste space"

buildings were luxurious in scale and materials, featuring expansive interior space and a classical sense of symmetry and elegance.

Skyscraper

a very tall building; has to have a height of 500 ft or 152 m or more.

Tel Aviv

Israel; has 4,000 Bauhaus style buildings. The largest collection of buildings in International style.

Frank Lloyd Wright

Welsh American architect who designed 1000 structures and completed 500 works

Organic Architecture

An architectural style in which the building was in harmony with its natural surroundings.

Modern Architecture

Use of modern materials, adaptation of methods based on functionality planning, and the
abandonment of traditional methods that made the construction style very urban.

Brutalism

Architectural style characterized by bold forms, harsh proportions, and rough materials such as exposed concrete, steel and wood.

Tube Architecture

three-dimensional space structure composed of three four, or possibly more frames, braced frames, or shear walls, joined at or near their edges to form a vertical tube-like structural system capable of resisting lateral forces in any direction by cantilevering from the foundation

Neo-Modernism

A reaction to postmodernism and its embrace of pre-modern elements.