ALL VOCAB!! AP EURO UNIT 10 VOCAB: napoleonic Europe - 1799 - 1815

1802 treaty of Amiens

Great Britain + France, only time no European power was not at war with one another

The “shame of the princes”

When German princes bribed napoleon for support against other princes - tallyrand made 10 million Frances, sent HRE into chaos

Ulm

Where Napoleon surrounded a Austrian force of 5,000 forcing them to surrender

Trafalgar

When lord Nelson (GB) caught + annihilated main body of French + Spanish fleets of France + Spain - established English naval power and showed France wasn’t ultimate power

Austerlitz

When napoleon defeated Austrian + Russian armies - Russia withdrew into Poland and Austria made peace

Treaty of Pressburg

Napoleon took Venetia from Austria, who gave it to him., annexed it to Italy

Confederation of the rhine

Napoleon gathered his Germanic states, made himself protector, league of all german princes who were sovereign

Friedland

Napoleon went to east prussia + at Dylan he defeated Russian army

Treaty of Tilsit

Napoleon sweet talked Alexander into thinking England was bad guy + promised Russia could be great ruler of east

Peninsular war

English sent force to sustain Spanish guerrillas against French, napoleon forced to surrender leading to hope + anti French movement

Capitulation at baylen

Grand duchey of Warsaw

When napoleon made moves without Russian involvement to recreate polish state

Talleyrand

Told Alexander that napoleon was overreaching himself, told him to wait for future activities, preparing himself a safe haven if napoleon falls, but also was enlightened because saw country as part of whole Europe, though Louis XVIII would provoke least opposition, be peaceable + wouldn’t want to restore old empire cause had no foreign support, represented France in congress at Vienna

Metternich

Austrian foreign minister, originally German, no diplomacy through grudges - thought Russia was the problem + renew relations with France, wanted napoleon / son to remain in power because they would have to depend on Austria

French empire

French Republic, southern Netherlands, left bank of the rhine

Grand empire

France +dependent states, republics, departments

Allied states

Prussia, Austria, Russia, Denmark, Sweden all at war with Great Britain, napoleon only controls that they don’t trade with England

king of rome

napoleon son, thought rome was second city like charlemange

pope pius VII

protested seizure of papal lands so napoleon held him prisoner

civil code

all countries no exceptions, universal nature of justice + human relations

illyrian provinces

trieste + dalmatian coast

“Nation of shopkeepers”

French thought that England was money power who fought wars with sterling not blood + always looking for dupes

Berlin decree

Napoleon prohibits importation of British goods into continent

Order of council of 1807

Response to Berlin decree, neutrals might enter napoleónica ports on if first stopped in in Great Britain where regulations were to encourage loading of ships with English goods

Milan decree

Response to order of council 1807, any vessel that stopped at British port / submitted to search by British warship at sea would be confiscated upon appearance in continental harbor

Germaine de stael

Exiled because critic of napoleon

Herder

Everyone develops at their own pace + not everyone progresses on same path of reason, though German ways were different didn’t mean they were less worthy of respect, countries weren’t in conflict they were just different, imitation of others made them shallow

Romanticism

Challenging dry abstractions of age of reason

Volksgeist

A sound civilian must express own national character not one copied / made only by upper class

Germany in its deep humiliation

Anonymous anti-French work whos publisher sentenced to death

Fichte

Author who illustrates course of German though, inner spirit of individual creates own more a universe

Addresses to the German nation

Declaring there was a ineradicable German spirit immutable national character more noble then other peoples to be kept pure

Closed commercial state

Book by fitche, necessary for international peace and domestic social justice.

Gneisenau

Prussian army reformer, observed American revolution + valued its patriotism

baron stein

Leader of Prussia, abolished serfdom, no hereditary subjection in manors

Tugendbund

Moral / scientific union, league of virtue on manliness whose members by developing own moral character were to contribute to future

Capitulation at baylen

First setback for French forces in peninsular war

Borodino

Russia + napoleon, Moscow, Russians out numbered the French, French won but Russia withdrew in a better condition

Retreat from Moscow

French troops isolated in cold weather, no resources, napoleon tried to negotiate but was forced to retreat same way they came, lost 500,000 of original 611,000, ended grand army

Battle of Leipzig

Napoleon tried to raise new army but got smashed (battle of nations) - nations started distrusting each other + led to first treaty of Paris

Frankfurt proposals

The Frankfurt proposals were a Coalition peace initiative designed by Metternich. It was offered to Napoleon in November 1813 after he had suffered defeat at the Battle of Leipzig. The goal was a peaceful end to the War of the Sixth Coalition

Castlereagh

British foreign minister, used promise of men and money to win acceptance of war aims, no Russian domination so wanted napoleon / his sone to stay in power

Quadruple alliance

Treaty of charming, Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, bound for 20 years to fight against French, each provided 150,000 solider

Charter of 1815

Louis XVIII, granted what most of France wanted, promised legal equality, eligibility to office, 2 chambers in parliamentary government

“First” treaty of paris

Bourbons restored + powers signed peace treaty

Polish-Saxon question

Alexander would give Prussia saxony if they let him be king of Poland but ended in Alexander getting congress poland and Prussians getting 2/5 of Saxony

Congress poland

Alexander wanted, smaller polish kingdom

Battle of waterloo

Anti-French allies vs. napoleon where Duke of Wellington led Prussian and British forces to beat napoleon, final battle

Hundred days

Follows return from Elba, renew dread of revolution, war + aggressions, quad alliance said no Bonaparte could ever rule France again

Second treaty of Paris

Response to Waterloo, French pay 700 million francs + placed French financed European army of occupation in northeastern France

Holy Alliance

Alexander, all European powers agree to uphold Christian principals of charity and peace - all signed but pope, Ottoman Empire, and British regent