Unit 1: Quantities and Modeling and Unit 2: Understanding Functions

constant

A value that does not change

Variable

A symbol used to represent a quantity that can change

Coefficient

A number is multiplied by a variable in an algebraic expression.

algebreic expression

A combination of variables, numbers, and at least one operation.

ratio

A comparison of two quantities by division

proportion

an equation that states that two ratios are equal

scale

the ratio of any length in a scale drawing or scale model to the corresponding actual length

scale drawing

a drawing that is the same shape as the object it represents

scale model

a model used to represent an object that is too large or too small to be built at the actual size

rate

A ratio that compares two quantities measured in different units

conversion factor

a ratio of equivalent measurements

numerical expression

An expression that contains only numbers and operations

equivalent expressions

Expressions with the same value

Literal Equations

equations that contain two or more variables and sometimes no numbers at all

compound statement

two or more statements joined by the word "and" or "or"

intersection

the point at which two lines or roads meet and cut across each other

union

combined region, of the simple inequality graphs

less than

Less than is used to compare two numbers when the first number is smaller than the second number.

less than or equal to

≤

more than

>

more than or equal to

greater than or equal to

Domain

input, x value, independent variable

Range

output, y value, dependent variable

function notation

A list or sentence containing the values that represent the domain or range of a function

relation

any set of ordered pairs

function

a relation in which each element of the domain is paired with exactly one element of the range

verticle line test

draw a vertical line anywhere(everywhere) if it crosses the graph in one place, the graph is a function

function machine

An imaginary machine used in MATHEMATICS to change numbers according to a given rule.

independent variable

a variable (often denoted by x ) whose variation does not depend on that of another.

dependent variable

a variable (often denoted by y ) whose value depends on that of another.

function rule

an equation that describes a function

function (graph)

Every x goes to only one y. A graph passes the vertical line test.