Agricultural revolution

What is agriculture?

Farming and growing crops

what was suitable about the north east that made it suitable for industry?

natural borders, access to the sea, coal was high quality and easily mined, coastal coal trade, mining industry

What is black gold?

coal

where was the coal taken to?

Stockton, ports and shipped away to busy places e.g London

what are some of the earlier forms of transporting coal?

wagonways, horses, canals

what were the problems with some of the earlier methods of transporting coal?

raiding, canals would freeze, horses got tired quickly, accidents were likely, expensive to operate.

What form of transport was developed in the north-east of England? why was this and improvement?

the first railway the Darlington to Stockton railway. it transported coal and workers which was less expensive and more efficent.

who invented the first railway?

George Stevenson

What advantage did MIddlesburgh have over stockton?

Middlesburgh is closer to the mouth of the river.

What other industry was also developed as a result of the creation of middlesburgh?

ship building as they were used all the time for transporting the coal.

what had previously been Britain's main source of energy? what was the problem?

wood. supplied 3x the power, wood was shortaging and it was becoming more and more expensive to get it.

how much coal was transported out of Co. Durham every year and where was it going?

60,000 tonnes -> London

What problems do hills and valleys of the region create?

difficulty transporting

when was the causey arch built and what was its call to fame?

1725, it had the largest span in Britain

what were some problems of early locomotives?

static, exploding, heavy

when did the railway open up?

27th September 1825

what made the railway so special?

it inspired the rest of the world to build their own railways

what was the publics reaction to the railway?

shocked and in awe, loved the railway.

what is common land?

land that no body owns and can be used by anyone

what were some problems with common land?

it was all bad unfertile land that couldn't have anything grown on it.

what was life like before the agricultural revolution?

agrarian societies, harvest, farmed by many people, farming depended on the seasons

what nickname was given to Lord Charles Townshend?

Turnip Townshend

where did most people live prior to the agricultural revolution?

countryside

what was subsistance farming?

just enough to feed themselves, nothing to spare

What was the Rotherham Plough?

iron blade to plow the field, cut labour costs and expenses

what was the three field crop rotation? what grown?

barley, wheat, replenish the soil

how was the Dutch four crop rotation system an improvement?

turnips, clover, barley, wheat

what did the turnips also do?

fertilised the soil, fed the animals

enclosure

fenced off common land

what was the Durham Ox?

people would tour arounf and the owner would earn loads of money from people paying to see the cow, it was toured around England and was a heavy and a cow from specialised breedong.

what happened to the the produce produced after the agricultural revolution?

it was better and more was produced

what were some problems with the coal pit?

dangerous, budgies, collapses

what was farming like before the agricultural revolution?

many workers, people did everything, slow process

what was farming like after the agricultural revolution?

fewer workers, people went to the city to work in factories, efficient transportation, more produce.