Civics and Economics

HASS exam!

High Court of Australia

The highest court in Australia, responsible for interpreting the Constitution and making decisions on important legal cases.

How does the High Court influence Australian law?

By ruling on constitutional cases, the High Court can determine if a law is valid or needs to be changed.

Interpret the Constitution

Determining the meaning of the Constitution's text and applying it to specific legal cases.

International agreement

A formal pact between countries that outlines shared goals and commitments.

Name an international agreement that Australia has ratified related to racial equality.

The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.

Convention on the Rights of the Child

An international agreement focused on protecting children's rights, including their right to safety, education, and well-being.

What international declaration supports the rights of Indigenous peoples in Australia?

The Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.

Foreign aid

Assistance provided by one country to another, usually in the form of money, resources, or expertise.

Australia's global responsibility. (2)

Foreign aid, peacekeeping

Peacekeeping

The deployment of military and civilian personnel to conflict areas to help maintain peace and security.

Economic growth rate

A measure of how much a country's economy expands over a period of time, usually expressed as a percentage.

Unemployment rate

The percentage of the labor force that is actively looking for work but cannot find a job.

What does a high unemployment rate indicate?

It suggests economic difficulties and fewer job opportunities for people.

Inflation

The rate at which the general price level of goods and services rises, reducing purchasing power.

Human Development Index (HDI)

An index used to rank countries based on life expectancy, education, and income.

How does inflation affect the economy?

High inflation reduces the purchasing power of consumers, by making goods and services more expensive.

Sustainability indexes

Indicators that evaluate a country's efforts to manage resources and protect the environment for future generations.

What impact does foreign investment have on Australia's economy?

It boosts economic growth, creates jobs, and can improve living standards.

What are the possible effects of high national debt?

It may limit government spending on public services and negatively affect living standards.

Foreign investment

Money from other countries that is invested in a nation's businesses or projects.

National debt

The total amount of money that a country's government owes to lenders.