Chapter 14: Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating (Smartbook)

Psychological disturbances that can lead to abnormal food-related behaviors and subsequent dangerous physiological complications are called ______ ______.

eating disorders

Chaotic and abnormal food-related practices, such as skipping meals, limiting food choices, following fad diets, or binge eating that occur on a temporary basis are called ______ eating behaviors.

disordered

Which of the following are types of eating disorders? (Select all that apply)

Bulimia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa

Binge eating disorder

Food coma

Food psychosis

Bulimia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa

Binge eating disorder

Choose the risk factors for eating disorders. (Select all that apply)

Being female

Being from a dysfunctional family

Having a carefree personality

Feeling socially isolated

Having a history of frequent dieting

Being female

Being from a dysfunctional family

Feeling socially isolated

Having a history of frequent dieting

An eating disorder is a term used to describe a short-term and mild change in a person's eating habits.

True

False

False

Which factors can contribute to the development of an eating disorder? (Select all that apply)

Geographical

Social

Psychological

Genetic

Social

Psychological

Genetic

Mild or short-term changes in eating habits that occur in response to stress or a desire to modify the diet for health or appearance reasons is the definition for which of the following?

Disordered eating

Eating disorder

Bulimia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa

Disordered eating

Genetic factors may play a role in a person's risk of developing eating disorder.

True

False

True

Which of the following is associated with disordered eating? (Select all that apply)

Skipping meals or following fad diets

Displaying high self esteem

Concerns about body image

Having a positive body image

Skipping meals or following fad diets

Concerns about body image

Binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa are all examples of ______.

eating disorders

food psychoses

disordered eating

eating disorders

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are more likely to occur during which stage of growth?

Senior years

Adulthood

Childhood

Adolescence

Adolescence

People with a mother or sister with anorexia nervosa are ______ likely to develop an eating disorder themselves.

more

less

more

Genetic factors ______ play a role in a person's risk of developing an eating disorder.

may

do not

may

Which psychological factors often accompany eating disorders? (Select all that apply)

Schizophrenia

Anxiety disorders

Migraine headaches

Mood disorders

Anxiety disorders

Mood disorders

Which are income or lifestyle factors that increase the risk of developing an eating disorder? (Select all that apply)

having an occupation such as ballet dancing, acting, or fashion modeling

living in an industrialized high-income country

participating in athletic competitions in which weight is a factor

living in a community lacking in mental health resources

living far from markets where food can be purchased

having an occupation such as ballet dancing, acting, or fashion modeling

living in an industrialized high-income country

participating in athletic competitions in which weight is a factor

Examples of stressful events or situations that can lead to the development of an eating disorder are: (Select all that apply)

moving to a new location.

having supportive parents.

going away to college.

reading a short novel.

dealing with a dysfunctional family.

moving to a new location.

going away to college.

dealing with a dysfunctional family.

Frequent social media use in young adults has contributed to rising rates of eating disorders.

True

False

True

Parents who have healthy eating behaviors and have a positive attitude about their bodies can help ______ the development of eating disorders in their children.

prevent

promote

increase

prevent

People with eating disorders typically have a distorted view of their ______.

lifestyle habits

environment

body weight or shape

financial state

body weight or shape

Eating disorders are less prevalent in industrialized, high-income countries.

True

False

False

A stressful life event that can lead to the development of an eating disorder is called a(n) ______.

trigger

Risk factors for eating disorders include: (Select all that apply)

having a poor self-image and low self-esteem.

being teased or bullied.

having a perfectionist personality.

being male.

having a history of frequent dieting.

having a poor self-image and low self-esteem.

being teased or bullied.

having a perfectionist personality.

having a history of frequent dieting.

The psychological disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation that results in malnutrition and severe weight loss is called ______ ______.

anorexia nervosa

Characteristics of parents that foster the development of eating disorders in their children include: (Select all that apply)

being focused on healthy cooking.

criticizing the the child for excess weight.

having a negative attitude toward their own body.

being overprotective.

taking vitamin and mineral supplements.

criticizing the the child for excess weight.

having a negative attitude toward their own body.

being overprotective.

An intense fear of gaining weight compels people with anorexia nervosa to: (Select all that apply)

drink alcohol excessively.

fast frequently.

exercise excessively.

diet frequently.

fast frequently.

exercise excessively.

diet frequently.

People with anorexia nervosa typically do not have psychological disorders.

True

False

False

In which of the following population groups is anorexia nervosa more common?

non-Hispanic whites

Hispanics

non-Hispanic Blacks

non-Hispanic whites

Which eating disorder has the highest mortality?

Bulimia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa

Binge eating disorder

Night eating syndrome

Anorexia nervosa

The onset of the first menstrual cycle for female adolescents is called ______.

menarche

Choose the best definition for emaciation.

Very high body fat

Very low body weight

Weight gain attributed to chronic disease

Very low body weight

People with anorexia nervosa: (Select all that apply)

severely restrict their food intake.

have an intense desire to gain weight.

have distorted body images.

consume food in an uncontrolled fashion.

severely restrict their food intake.

have distorted body images.

Bulimia nervosa is charcterized by: (Select all that apply)

food restriction.

purging.

binge eating.

starvation.

purging.

binge eating.

Types of psychological disorders seen in people with anorexia nervosa include: (Select all that apply)

post-traumatic stress disorder.

schizophrenia.

bipolar disorder.

anxiety.

depression.

obsessive-compulsive disorder.

bipolar disorder.

anxiety.

depression.

obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Eating an excessive amount of food in a brief period of time is called ______ ______.

binge eating

In order to diagnose a patient with anorexia nervosa, health care providers look for changes in body ______ ______ (BMI) and body ______ over time.

mass index, composition

A girl will not experience ______ until she has an adequate level of body fat, typically about 17% of body weight.

menarche

amenorrhea

puberty

menarche

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by: (Select all that apply)

consuming large quantities of food at night.

uncontrolled eating.

self-imposed starvation.

becoming emaciated.

self-imposed starvation.

becoming emaciated.

Symptoms of people diagnosed with bulimia nervosa include: (Select all that apply)

frequent heartburn.

chronic sore throat.

low bone mineral density.

loss of muscle mass.

electrolyte imbalance.

worn tooth enamel.

a scarred tongue.

frequent heartburn.

chronic sore throat.

electrolyte imbalance.

worn tooth enamel.

The psychological condition characterized by binge eating followed by purging behaviors is called ______ ______.

bulimia nervosa

Choose the statements that are true about bulimia nervosa (BN). (Select all that apply)

A person with BN often feels ashamed about their behavior and tries to hide it.

A person with BN is difficult to identify by appearance.

A person with BN feels as if they have control over the eating behaviors.

A person with BN can be slightly underweight, normal weight, or overweight.

A person with BN often feels ashamed about their behavior and tries to hide it.

A person with BN is difficult to identify by appearance.

A person with BN can be slightly underweight, normal weight, or overweight.

The types of food consumed while binge eating often include: (Select all that apply)

cookies.

ice cream.

carrots.

apples.

chips.

cakes.

cookies.

ice cream.

chips.

cakes.

For a person with bulimia nervosa, a psychological disorder such as bipolar disorder, depression and personality disorder ______ the eating disorder.

can develop before or at the same time as

never occurs in association with

always occurs at the same time as

can be seen prior to the development of

can develop before or at the same time as

Intestinal distress, severe dehydration, frequent heartburn, and electrolyte imbalances are all signs and symptoms of ______.

anorexia nervosa

bulimia nervosa

night eating syndrome

bulimia nervosa

Individuals with bulimia nervosa are easy to identify because they have BMIs in the obese range.

True

False

False

The physiological consequences of repeated binging and purging include: (Select all that apply)

bleeding of the esophagus.

irritable bowel syndrome.

infected salivary glands.

bleeding of the colon.

bleeding of the esophagus.

infected salivary glands.

The eating disorder that features recurrent episodes of overeating without purging is called ______ ______ ______ (BED).

binge-eating disorder

After binging, the patient with binge-eating disorder usually feels: (Select all that apply)

disgusted.

satisfied.

content.

depressed.

guilty.

ashamed.

disgusted.

depressed.

guilty.

ashamed.

Because people with binge-eating disorder do not purge, their risk for ______ increases.

irritable bowel syndrome

cancer

obesity

osteoporosis

obesity

Night eating syndrome and purging disorder are classified as ______ eating disorders.

"other specified"

minor

unspecified

undiagnosed

"other specified"

Choose the two classic characteristics of binge eating disorder. (Select all that apply)

includes heavy exercise, often several times per day

does not include purging behavior

individuals consuming a large amount of food over a brief period

involves periods of starvation

does not include purging behavior

individuals consuming a large amount of food over a brief period

Common signs and symptoms of binge eating disorder are: (Select all that apply)

eating alone because they are embarrassed.

eating large amounts of food when not hungry.

eating more rapidly than normal and until uncomfortably full.

eating very slowly over a long period of time.

eating alone because they are embarrassed.

eating large amounts of food when not hungry.

eating more rapidly than normal and until uncomfortably full.

Choose the disordered eating patterns that are described in DSM-5 as unspecified feeding or eating disorders. (Select all that apply)

Orthorexia

Diabulimia

Muscle dysmorphia

Female athlete triad

Orthorexia

Diabulimia

Muscle dysmorphia

In the US, binge eating disorder is ______ anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.

more common than

less common than

equally as common as

more common than

The disorder used to describe type I diabetics who manipulate their body weight by skipping insulin injections or using less insulin than prescribed is called ______.

diabulemia

The form of disordered eating in which an individual becomes extremely obsessed with eating healthy foods is called ______ ______.

orthorexia nervosa

Disordered eating behaviors that do not meet the full diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge eating disorder are called "______ ______ " feeding or ______ disorders.

other specified, eating

People with muscle dysmorphia: (Select all that apply)

exercise obsessively.

are usually male.

are usually female.

are often body builders.

exercise obsessively.

are usually male.

are often body builders.

Match each eating disorder with its correct definition.

(People with type 1 diabetes who manipulate their body weight by skipping insulin injectors, Unhealthy preoccupation with the body being too small or not muscular enough, Extreme obsession with eating healthy foods)

Diabulemia <--> ______

Orthorexia <--> ______

Muscle dysmorphia <--> ______

Diabulemia <--> People with type 1 diabetes who manipulate their body weight by skipping insulin injections

Orthorexia <--> Extreme obsession with eating healthy foods

Muscle dysmorphia <--> Unhealthy preoccupation with the body being too small or not muscular enough

You are more likely to develop the female athlete triad if you are a ______. (Select all that apply)

football player

baseball player

gymnast

wrestler

gymnast

People with diabulimia ______.

skip insulin injections

binge eat after the evening meal

binge eat and then purge

binge eat

skip insulin injections

The goal of a person with orthorexia nervosa is to ______.

develop defined musculature

lose weight

strive for a perfect diet

change their body shape

strive for a perfect diet

What are the most serious health outcomes for a person who exhibits all of the signs of the female athlete triad? (Select all that apply)

Amenorrhea

eating disorders

Osteoporosis

Stress fractures

Athletic injuries

Amenorrhea

eating disorders

Osteoporosis

Stress fractures

A disordered eating pattern that is characterized by an unhealthy preoccupation with the body being too thin or not muscular enough is called ______ ______.

muscle dysmorphia

Low energy availability in female athletes is associated with a(n) ______ deficiency.

estrogen

progesterone

parathyroid hormone

cortisol

estrogen

The three interrelated components of the female athlete triad are: (Select all that apply)

low energy availability.

menstrual disturbances.

a disruption of sleep patterns.

reduced bone mineral density.

low energy availability.

menstrual disturbances.

reduced bone mineral density.

Efforts to prevent eating disorders in high risk individuals should focus on: (Select all that apply)

improving self-confidence.

challenging the concept that "thin is ideal".

improving athletic performance.

fostering body acceptance.

improving self-confidence.

challenging the concept that "thin is ideal".

fostering body acceptance.

The optimal treatment of eating disorders requires a multidisciplinary team of experts in the following fields: (Select all that apply)

medicine.

mental health.

physical education.

nutrition.

medicine.

mental health.

nutrition.

Females exhibiting the female athlete triad may intentionally restrict their calorie intake to: (Select all that apply)

improve athletic performance.

lose weight.

increase their muscle size.

maintain a lean physique.

improve athletic performance.

lose weight.

maintain a lean physique.

Physiological consequences of low estrogen levels include: (Select all that apply)

reduced bone mass.

menstrual disturbances.

reduced cardiovascular strength.

reduced muscle mass.

reduced bone mass.

menstrual disturbances.

A condition that occurs as a result of the interrelationships among energy availability, menstrual function, and bone mineral density in female athletes is called female ______ ______

athlete triad

In order to help prevent the development of eating disorders, efforts should focus on the early detection of people with the following risk factors: (Select all that apply)

leading a sedentary lifestyle.

disordered eating patterns.

consuming 3 large meals/day.

a distorted body image.

disordered eating patterns.

a distorted body image.

Treatments for eating disorders should include: (Select all that apply)

electro convulsive therapy.

physical therapy.

medical nutrition therapy.

psychotherapy.

medical nutrition therapy.

psychotherapy.

Female athletes have a(n) ______ risk of disordered eating practices compared to males and females who do not participate in sports.

higher

equal

lower

higher