Vet Term - Spine and Skull + Limbs

Axial Skeleton

Framework of the body that makes up the core of the body

Cranium

Portion of the skull that encases the brain

Brachycephalic

Short nose

Mesocephalic

Medium length nose

Dolichocephalic

Long nosed dogs

Vertebral column

Consists of vertebrae that makes up the spine

Spinous process

Single projection from the dorsal part of the vertebrae

Transverse process

Project laterally from the sides of the vertebrae

Foramen

Opening

Intervertebral discs

Cartilage discs between each vertebrae

Atlas

C1

Axis

C2

Cervical

The neck

Thoracic

Even with the thorax

Lumbar

Even with abdomen

Sacral

Even with pelvis

Coccygeal/caudal

Tail

Scapula

Shoulder blade

Clavicle

Collar bone (only in cats)

Humerus

Long bone of proximal front limbs

Radius/Ulna

long bones of distal front limb

Olecranon

Elbow

Carpal bone

cuboidal bones that make up the wrist

Carpus

wrist

“Knee”

carpus

Metacarpals

distal to the carpus - located between fingers and wrist

Phalanges

fingers/digits

Digits

numbered from medial to lateral

Fetlock

Joint between meta carpal 3 and the digit

Pastern

joint between P1 and P2

Coffin

joint between P2 and P3

Claw

P3

Sesamoid bones

nodular bones embedded in tendon

Navicular

sesamoid in horses below P3

Ilium

blade shaped cranial part

Ischium

caudal part

Publis

2 sides are fused together via cartilage

Acetabulum

3 bones meet and form the socket of the hip joint

Femur

thigh bone

Patella

knee cap

Stifle

the true “knee”

Tibia/Fibula

long bones of distal rear end

Tarsal bones

make up the ankle

“crus”

the area between the stifle and the hock

Metatarsals

on back foot, same long bones

Ambulate

to move

Skeletal muscle

attach bones to the body and makes motition possible

Smooth muscle

produce slow contractions to allow unconscious functioning of internal organs

Cardiac muscle

involuntary contractions of the heart muscle

Fascia

connective tissue that covers muscle

Tendon

connects muscle to bone

Contraction

tighten

Relaxation

lessoning tension

Neuromuscular junction

where nerve ending come into contact with muscle

Tonus

tone

What is 1

Coccygeal/caudal

What is 2

Sacral

What is 3

Lumbar

What is 4

Thoracic

What is 5

Cervical

What is 6

Atlas

What is 7

Axis

What is 1

Vertebral foramen

What is 2

Spinous process

What is 3

Transverse process

What is 4

Vertebral body

What is 1

Scapula

What is 2

Humerus

What is 3

Radius

What is 4

Carpal

What is 5

Sesamoid

What is 6

Navicular

What is 7

Ulna

What is 8

Olecranon

What is 9

Ribs

What is 10

Pelvis

What is 11

Femur

What is 12

Fibula

What is 13

Metatarsal

What is 14

Cannon

What is 15

Coffin

What is 16

Short pastern

What is 17

Long pastern

What is 18

Metacarpal

What is 19

Tarsal bone

What is 20

Tibia