Ap Human Geo Unit 2

Population Distribution

The way in which people are spread across a given area, indicating where populations live, their density, and how it varies by location

Urban Areas

Regions characterized by high population density and vast human-built features in contrast to areas dominated by rural land use, typically containing residential, commercial, and industrial facilities.(City Like)

Rural areas

Regions characterized by low population density, predominantly used for agriculture or natural landscapes, and lacking the extensive urban infrastructure found in cities(country like or small town like)

Arithmetic Density

Population/amount of land

Physiological Density

Population/Arable Land

Agricultural Density

Farmers/Arable Land

CBR(Crude Birth Rate)

Total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive.

CDR(Crude Death Rate)

Total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive

NIR(Natrual Increase Rate)

Percentage by which a population grows in a year.

TFR(Total Fertility Rate)

Average number of children woman will have.

Dependency Ratio

Number of working people in a country who support people who can no longer work.(Old dependent on young)

Sex Ratio

The ratio of males to females in a population

Doubling Time

The amount of time it takes for a population to double in size.

Population Pyramid Stage 1

Triangle like shape, implying that there are high/steady birth and death rates.

Population Pyramid Stage 2

The triangle gets even wider, implying that there are a decrease in death rates and still high birth rates.(Industrial Revolution and Medical revolution occurs)

Population Pyramid Stage 3

A house like shape, implying that there is now a falling birth rate and a slowly falling death rate.

Population Pyramid Stage 4

Top heavy, indicating low birth and death rates.(More opportunities for women occur, producing low birth rates)

Population Pyramid Stage 5

Chunky and the middle to the top, decreasing and increasing birth and death rates.(America is entering this stage)

NIR Equation

CBR - CBR/10

Pronatalism

Governments implementing policies to boost child birth,therefore increasing population.

Antinatalism

Governments enforcing policies to decrease childbirth, therefore lowering the population. (Ex:Chinas one child policy.)

Malthusian Theory

Overpopulated and a small supply of available food. (Future Deaths, catastrophic events. Etc)

Neo Malthusians

Individuals or groups who advocate for population control measures due to concerns about overpopulation and its potential negative effects on resources, the environment, and living conditions, building on the original ideas of Thomas Malthus.

What are Neo Malthusians?

Neo Malthusians are individuals or groups who advocate for population control measures due to concerns about overpopulation and its potential negative effects on resources, the environment, and living conditions, building on the original ideas of Thomas Malthus.

Migration Pull Factors

Factors that make people want to come to an area voluntarily (Ex: Job opportunities, good weather, family, economic reasons.)

Migration Push Factors

Factors forcing people to leave their current residency, making most people refugees.(Ex; Discrimination, war and weather)

Transhumance Migration

Seasonal movement of livestock

Intraregional Migration

A permanent move within 1 region of a country.

Chain Migration

A process with legal immigrants sponsee a family member for immigration.

Step migration

Migration that occurs in small steps of stages.

Guest Worker

A migrant that is given temporary legal status to work.

Transnational Migration

Migration that happens over international borders.