BIOL 1442 Ch 29 Amphibians

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Amphibians are ( ) and include

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1

Amphibians are ( ) and include

vertebrate tetrapods; frogs, salamanders, and caecilians

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2

Amphibia are the only

true vertebrates that have made a transition from water to land both in their ontogeny and phylogeny

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3

Amphibians are characterized by

four well-developed limbs, moist permeable skin used for respiration and water intake

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4

All extant adult amphibians are

carnivorous

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5

The jaws of amphibians include

multiple small teeth at edge, and may contain vomerine teeth at the roof of the mouth

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6

Amphibian teeth are

pedicellate, which means that the root and crown are calcified and separated by a zone of noncalcified tissue

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7

Amphibian eyes are

image-forming with color vision

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8

Ears in amphibians are

best developed in frogs and toads; frogs have an inner ear for detecting higher and lower sounds (pa

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9

The fossil record shows that evidenve of the first tetrapods:

now-extinct amphibian species dating to nearly 400 million years ago

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10

Aquatic tetrapods of the Devonian period include

Ichthyostega and Acanthostega

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11

The Carboniferous period is sometimes called

age of the amphibians

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12

All living amphibians are classified into ( ), which includes

lissamphibia; Urodela(tailed), Anura (tailless), and apoda (legless)

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13

The order Urodela includes

salamanders

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14

Salamanders have a ( ) body plan and move by

generalized tetrapod; bending their bodies from side to side (lateral undulation)

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15

The majority of salamander’s respiration goes through

the skin or external gills in aquatic species

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16

salamanders reproduce through ( ) where the male

internal fertilization; deposits sperm in a packet called a spermatophore, which is subsequently picked up by the female

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17

Anura include

frogs

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18

The body plan of frogs include

hind limbs and an arrow-like endoskeleton

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19

Frog eggs are fertilized

externally

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20

The life cycle of frogs consists of

two distinct stages: larval followed by metamorphosis to the adult stage

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21

Apoda include

caecilians

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22

Caecilians have no

limbs

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23

caecilians feed by

using teeth in both jaws on a variety of organisms found in soil

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24

Caecilians have a

single lung

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25

In caecilians, males have ( ) and fertilization is ( )

copulatory structures; internal

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