Cancer Biology Module 12 Assignment

Activation of transcription factor Slug promotes E-cadherin transcription.

False

Match the process and the fate of EMTs during mouse embryonic development:

Gastrulation

Prevalvular mesenchyme in the heart

Somitogenesis

Palate formation

Atrial and ventricular septum

Sclerotome

Mesoderm

Mesenchymal cells

Gastrulation—Mesoderm

Prevalvular mesenchyme in the heart—Atrial and ventricular septum

Somitogenesis—Sclerotome

Palate formation—Mesenchymal cells

When you try to determine whether the cells you treated develop EMT, which of the following markers will you use for the test?

Vimentin

α-SMA

Twist

 

E-cadherin

h

Diapedesis is a process involved in _________________.

extravasation

During EMT, E-Cadherin expression pattern is similar to vimentin.

False

Which of the following is not an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis?

Angiostatin

Thrombospondin-2

Tumstatin

Leptin

Leptin

When carcinoma cells become invasive, their expression of E-cadherin will ________________.

Decrease

The following are important angiogenic factors except_______?

Vascular endothelial growth factor

Transforming growth factor-α

Tumor necrosis factor-α

Epithelial growth factor

Placental growth factor

Epithelial growth factor

Match the following based on the deregulation of individual transcription factors and their close association with certain cancers:

Snail

FOXC2

ZEB2

Tcf3

Invasion ductal carcinoma

Basal-like breast cancer

Ovarian, breast, and liver carcinomas

Gastric cancer

Snail—Invasion ductal carcinoma

FOXC2—Basal-like breast cancer

ZEB2—Ovarian, breast, and liver carcinomas

Tcf3—Gastric cancer

The induction of angiogenesis is important in the growth and metastatic ability of tumors.  The following factors act to inhibit angiogenesis except __________?

Matrix metalloproteinases

Cellular changes associated with an epithelial mesenchymal transition include the acquisition of the following except _____________.

Motility

Invasiveness

Vimentin expression

cytokeratin (intermediate filament) expression

Increased resistance to apoptosis

cytokeratin (intermediate filament) expression

Match the following related to anti-angiogenesis therapy.

Bevacizumab

Sunitinib

Sorafenib

Vandetanib

Inhibitor of RTKs

Inhibitor of VEGF-R, cRaF, and Kit TKs

Inhibitor of VEGF-R, EGF-R, and Ret TKs

Anti-VEGF-A MoAb

Bevacizumab—Anti-VEGF-A MoAb

Sunitinib—Inhibitor of RTKs

Sorafenib—Inhibitor of VEGF-R, cRaF, and Kit TKs

Vandetanib—Inhibitor of VEGF-R, EGF-R, and Ret TKs

The major systems that cancer cells going through to metastasize are_______________?

Circulatory and lymphatic

What is the advantage to a cancer cell of secreting VEGF?

It induces angiogenesis

The direct actions of vascular endothelial growth factor induce several actions.  VEGF has all of the following actions except __________________.

Stimulation of endothelial proliferation

Increased vascular permeability

promoting epithelial cells differentiation

Crucial for embryonic vasculogenesis

promoting epithelial cells differentiation

One of the classical factors in cancer carcinogenesis is the demand for increased nutritional requirement and seeding to distant organs.  Which protein involved in angiogenesis is associated with poor prognosis and decreased survival rates?

VEGF