State of matter PP1 & PP2

properties of Solid

• Have a fixed shape, mass and volume​

• Take up a fixed amount of space and are generally not able to be compressed​

• Most can’t be poured​

​

properties of liquids

• Have mass, a fixed volume but no fixed shape​

• The shape of a liquid changes to the container it is kept in​

• Similar to solids, liquids will fill a fixed amount of space​

properties of Gases

• Spread out and will not stay in a container unless it has a lid ​

• Take up all of the available space​

• Can be compressed

The particle model suggests that:

All substances are made up of small particles​

​

The particles in liquids and solids are more strongly attracted towards other particles

Arrangement and movement of solids​

1. Particles are very close together and that is why they cannot be compressed or move freely.​

2. Particles form a consistent shape that cannot easily be changed. This is because there are strong bonds between the particles.

Arrangement and movement of liquids

1. The bonds between the particles are not as strong as solids. This allows them to move around slightly and fill up the container.​

2. They have a fixed volume but no fixed shape because the particles are able to move.​

Particles move continuously based on the following conditions:​

• As temperature decreases, the particles move more slowly​

• As temperature increases, the particles move more quickly​

​

Arrangement and movement of gases​

1. Have more energy than liquids or solids as they are in constant motion because of the weak attraction between the particles. ​

2. Have no fixed shape or volume because they can spread out. ​

3. Due to the large space between the particles, the gases can be compressed.​

​