Eakin fall final day 1

Cell

The basic unit of life

Organelles

Structures within the cell that have specific functions

What are the proper cell phases for mitosis?

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Superior

Above

Inferior

Below

Anterior

In front

Posterior

Behind

Medial

Towards the midline

Lateral

Away from the midline (to the side)

Proximal

Closer to the trunk (applies to a limb)

Distal

Further from the trunk (applies to a limb)

Superficial

Towards the surface

Deep

Away from the surface; internal

The end of the humerus (upper arm bone) at the elbow is (distal / proximal) compared to the end of your humerus bone near your shoulder

distal

The ears are (medial / lateral) on the head

lateral

Your muscles are (superficial / deep) compared to your skin

deep

The forehead is (anterior / posterior) to the back of the head

anterior

Your eyes are (superior / anterior) compared to the mouth

superior

Cephalic

On the head

Mental

Chin

Nasal

Nose

Orbital

Eye

Axillary

Armpit

Cervical

Neck

Thoracic

Chest

Umbilical

Belly button

Antebrachial

Forearm

Brachial

Upper arm

Carpal

Wrist

Digital

Fingers and toes

Crural

Shin (knee to calf)

Femoral

Thigh

Patellar

Knee

Pedal

Foot

Integumentary

Physical barrier that protects the body. Senses stimuli, regulates body temperature, and produces vitamin D

Skeletal

Body support and structure: allows movement; makes blood cells; protects organs; stores minerals such as calcium 

Muscular

Causes movements by contracting and relaxing

Nervous

Carries electrical signals throughout the body to control thoughts and responses 

Endocrine

Makes hormones to regulate a wide variety of bodily functions 

Cardiovascular

Transportation of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body

Respiratory

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the atmosphere

Immune/Lymphatic

Prevents and minimizes infection of the body 

Returns excess fluid in the tissues back into bloodstream 

Digestive

Breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates waste

Urinary

Filters blood and removes waste by producing and excreting urine

Reproductive

Producing and sustains sperm and egg cells, enables fertilization, and supports developing offspring

Histology

The study of tissues

Organize the following in order of smallest unit to largest unit in their systems:

Organ System, Tissue, Organ, Cells, Organism

 Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

What are ALL tissues made up from?

A group of cells

3 examples of where epithelial tissue is found in the body

The outer layer of skin, lining of the stomach, and lining of the urinary bladder

Apical surface

Not attached to surrounding tissue and exposed to either the outside of the body of the lining of an organ

Basal surface

Attached to underlying connective tissue

Which type of epithelial cell classification describes a flat cell?

Squamous cell

Which type of epithelial cell classification describes cells that appear layered, but is only one layer?

Pseudostratified

What are the 2 main ingredients of connective tissue matrix?

Ground substance and Fibers

3 types of fibers of connective tissue matrix

Collagen, Elastic, and Reticular

Loose connective tissue

Many spaces between fibers of the matrix

Dense connective tissue

Few spaces between fibers of the matrix; also called fibrous CT

What is the only liquid body tissue?

Blood

Which tissue in the body causes ALL muscle movements?

Muscle tissue

Give at least 2 examples of muscle movements

contract and relax

What happens when we move our muscles?

When muscles move they contract

Is electricity present or not? 

Electricity is present

Describe the function of motor output neurons. What other body tissue do they interact with?

The brain sends a message to the muscles or glands to cause a response

What is the lifespan of a neuron? Do they replicate and grow back?

Neurons have long life spans, they can’t grow back