CNA chapters 1-3

What is the clinical definition of 'communication'?

The process of exchanging information by sending and receiving messages.

Which form of communication involves the use of spoken words, written words, or sign language?

Verbal communication.

Communication expressed through body language and facial expressions is categorized as _____.

Nonverbal communication

When speaking to staff in front of a resident, what is the rule regarding language use?

Never use a language the resident does not understand.

Information based on what a Nurse Aide sees, hears, touches, or smells is called _____.

Objective information (Signs)

What is the definition of 'subjective information' in a clinical setting?

Information reported by a person that cannot be or was not directly observed.

If a resident reports they are feeling nauseated, is this objective or subjective information?

Subjective information (Symptoms).

Why is it critical for Nurse Aides to report observations and measurements to a supervisor?

To ensure resident safety and satisfy the resident's needs.

What is the primary purpose of the 'Minimum Data Set' (MDS)?

It sets the requirements for resident assessment.

Regarding documentation, what is the meaning of the phrase 'if it wasn't charted, it wasn't done'?

The resident's chart is a permanent legal document, and unrecorded care is considered unperformed.

What is the main reason medical facilities use military time for documentation?

To eliminate the risk of incorrect interpretation of time between AM and PM.

Convert 9:00 PM into military time for documentation.

2100

What does a 'care plan' list for the healthcare team?

The specific tasks, services, and treatments that team members must perform.

How should a Nurse Aide manage cultural differences among residents?

By learning about other cultures and helping residents feel comfortable and accepted.

Unconscious behaviors used to release tension or cope with stress are known as _____.

Defense mechanisms

Define the defense mechanism: Denial.

Completely rejecting thoughts or feelings.

Which defense mechanism involves seeing your own feelings in others?

Projection.

Define the defense mechanism: Displacement.

Transferring a strong negative feeling to someone else.

Which defense mechanism involves making excuses to justify a situation?

Rationalization.

Define the defense mechanism: Repression.

Blocking painful thoughts or feelings from the mind.

Which defense mechanism involves an adult reverting to immature behaviors?

Regression.

When communicating with a hearing-impaired resident, how should the Nurse Aide adjust the pitch of their voice?

Lower the pitch of the voice.

If a resident has better hearing in one ear, where should the Nurse Aide stand to speak?

On the side with better hearing.

When entering the room of a vision-impaired resident, what must the Nurse Aide do immediately?

Identify themselves and tell the resident what they are doing.

How should a Nurse Aide use an 'imaginary clock' for a vision-impaired resident?

As a guide to help orient the resident to their surroundings or objects.

When assisting a vision-impaired resident with walking, what is the proper positioning for the NA?

Walk slightly ahead, letting the resident grasp the NA's arm.

What tone of voice should be used when communicating with a resident who has a mental health disorder?

A normal tone of voice using simple, clear statements.

How should a Nurse Aide respond to a verbal attack from a combative resident?

Stay neutral and do not argue or respond to the attack.

If a resident displays inappropriate behavior, why is it important for the NA not to overreact?

Overreacting could reinforce the resident's inappropriate behavior.

What are the legal consequences for a Nurse Aide who hits a resident after being provoked?

It is considered abuse and may result in termination and/or legal action.

In body mechanics, what does 'Alignment' refer to?

Keeping the back straight in a neutral position with its natural curvature.

How is a 'Base of Support' achieved during lifting?

By standing with the feet apart, typically shoulder-width.

In the ABCs of body mechanics, what does the 'C' represent?

Center of Gravity (working at waist level and holding objects close).

When lifting a heavy object from the floor, where should the body bend?

At the knees, not at the waist.

Why should a Nurse Aide adjust the bed height to waist-high before making it?

To maintain proper body mechanics and work at a safe level.

If a resident begins to fall while an NA is assisting them to walk, what is the safest NA action?

Do not try to catch them; instead, assist them to the floor.

What is the science of designing equipment and work tasks to make them safer?

Ergonomics.

According to OSHA, what is the goal regarding the manual lifting and transferring of residents?

It should be reduced and eliminated when possible.

How many people are generally required for a safe transfer using a mechanical lift?

Two people.

Before helping a resident into a stand lift, what position should the legs of the stand be in?

The widest position.

Which group of people is at an increased risk for burns due to decreased sensation?

People with diabetes or paralysis.

At what temperature can water cause instant burns?

Above $160^{\circ}F$.

What three methods are used to identify a resident before providing care or meals?

Checking the ID wristband, checking photo ID, and having the resident state their name.

In what physical position should residents be while eating to prevent choking?

An upright position (Fowler's).

What is the universal sign that a person is choking?

Putting hands to the throat.

If a choking victim can speak or cough, what is the Nurse Aide's primary instruction to them?

Encourage them to cough as forcefully as possible.

Where should a Nurse Aide look to find safety and hazard information for cleaning products?

Safety Data Sheets (SDSs).

What is the first step an NA must take when responding to any medical emergency?

Assess the situation to ensure they are not in danger.

List two signs that a resident may be in shock.

Pale or cyanotic skin and increased pulse/respiration.

How should an NA position a victim in shock if there are no head or abdominal injuries?

Raise the victim's legs.

What is the medical term for a 'heart attack'?

Myocardial Infarction (MI).

How does cardiac arrest differ from a heart attack (MI)?

Cardiac arrest is an electrical malfunction causing an irregular heartbeat, while an MI is a blockage of blood flow.

The part of a word that contains its basic meaning is the _____.

Root

The word part added to the end of a root to help form a new word is a _____.

Suffix

What is the NA's primary role regarding a resident's guide dog?

Do not play with the dog.

To avoid twisting at the waist while lifting, how should a Nurse Aide move their body?

Turn the whole body and point the feet toward the object being moved.

What are 'Safety Data Sheets' (SDSs) used for in a facility?

Providing information on chemicals and hazardous substances.

How should a resident be positioned in a chair or wheelchair?

Sitting straight up with the back against the chair and feet on footrests.

What should a Nurse Aide do if they notice a frayed electrical cord in a resident's room?

Report it immediately to prevent burns or fires.

What is the clinical term for sweaty skin, often seen during a heart attack?

Diaphoretic.