Chapter 1: Intro to A&P

studying A&P, human organization, and superficial anatomy

definition of anatomy

structures of body; what they are made of, location, associated structures

definition of physiology

study of functions of anatomical structures and individual and cooperative functions

what is gross anatomy?

see large, visible structures with naked eye

what is microscopic anatomy?

examines cells and molecules

what does cytology study?

study of cells

what does histology study?

study of tissues

what are the two methods to study anatomy?

gross and microscopic anatomy

what are the ways to study human physiology?

cell physiology

organ physiology

systematic physiology

pathological physiology

what is cell physiology?

functions of cells

what is organ physiology?

functions of specific organs

what is systematic physiology?

functions of organ systems

what is pathological physiology?

effects of diseases on organs or systems

what is the hierarchy of organization within the human body?

1) chemical

2) cellular

3) tissue

4) organ

5) organ system

6) organism

what is the chemical level of the body?

atoms (smallest unit of matter) and molecules (groups of atoms)

what is the cellular level of the body?

smallest living units in the body

what is the tissue level of the body?

groups of cells working together

what is the organ level of the body?

at least two tissues working together

what is the organ system level of the body?

group of interacting organs

what is surface anatomy?

locating structures on or near the body surface

what is the supine anatomical position?

lying down, face up

what is the prone anatomical position?

lying down, face down