Unit 10: People and society

relationship

(n) mối quan hệ

They have a very close relationship

connection

(n) sự kết nối, mối liên hệ

There is a strong connection between diet and health

support

(v) ủng hộ, hỗ trợ

My parents always support my decisions

assist

(v) giúp đỡ, hỗ trợ

The nurse assisted the doctor during the operation

company

(n) công ty, bạn đồng hành

I enjoy your company

group

(n) nhóm

He joined a study group at school

blame

(v) đổ lỗi

Don’t blame me for your mistake

fault

(n) /fɔːlt/ lỗi lầm

It’s not your fault

kind

(adj) tử tế, tốt bụng

She’s always kind to everyone

polite

(adj) lịch sự

He is very polite to his teachers

popular

(adj) nổi tiếng, phổ biến

Soccer is popular around the world

famous

(adj) nổi tiếng

She’s a famous actress

old

(adj) già, cũ

This is an old photo of my grandparents

ancient

(adj) cổ đại

They visited ancient temples in Greece

sympathetic

(adj) /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/ cảm thông

He was very sympathetic when I told him my problem

likeable

(adj) /ˈlaɪkəbl/ dễ mến

Everyone finds her very likeable

typical

(adj) điển hình

It’s a typical summer day

usual

(adj) thông thường

He came home at his usual time

ordinary

(adj) bình thường

She lives an ordinary life

crowd

(n) đám đông

A big crowd gathered to watch the parade

audience

(n) /ˈɔːdiəns/ khán giả

The audience applauded loudly

enjoy

(v) thích thú

I really enjoy cooking

please

(v) làm hài lòng

He does everything to please his parents

sensitive

(adj) nhạy cảm

She’s very sensitive to criticism

sensible

(adj) hợp lý, có óc xét đoán

That’s a sensible decision

nervous

(adj) lo lắng

She felt nervous before the exam

bad-tempered

(adj) /ˌbæd ˈtempəd/ nóng tính

He’s so bad-tempered in the morning

close

(adj) thân thiết, gần gũi

We are very close friends

near

(prep) gần

My school is near the park

unknown

(adj) chưa được biết đến

The artist was unknown at that time

infamous

(adj) khét tiếng, tai tiếng

The place became infamous for crime

ask after

(ph.v) hỏi thăm sức khỏe

She asked after your mother

bring up

(ph.v) nuôi nấng, đề cập

She was brought up by her grandparents

fall for

(ph.v) yêu, phải lòng; tin vào (a lie/trick)

He fell for her the moment they met.

He fell for her instantly

fall out (with)

(ph.v) cãi nhau và nghỉ chơi (với)

I fell out with my best friend

get on with

(ph.v) hòa hợp với

I get on well with my classmates

grow up

(ph.v) lớn lên

He grew up in a small village

look down on

(ph.v) coi thường

You shouldn’t look down on poor people

look up to

(ph.v) ngưỡng mộ

I really look up to my father

make up

(ph.v) làm hòa; bịa chuyện; trang điểm

They finally made up after the argument

pass away

(ph.v) qua đời

Her grandfather passed away last year

pick on

(ph.v) bắt nạt, đối xử tử

Stop picking on your little brother

put down

(ph.v) hạ nhục, ghi xuống

Don’t put others down

settle down

(ph.v) ổn định, định cư

They decided to settle down in the countryside

stand up for

(ph.v) bảo vệ, ủng hộ

You should stand up for your rights

take aback

(ph.v) làm ngạc nhiên, sững sờ

I was taken aback by his sudden anger

able

(adj) có khả năng

She’s able to solve the problem

unable

(adj) không thể

He was unable to attend the meeting

(in)ability

(n) khả năng, sự bất khả

His ability to learn languages is impressive

disabled

(adj) khuyết tật

They help disabled children

disability

(n) /ˌdɪs.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ sự tàn tật

He was born with a physical disability

achieve

(v) đạt được

She achieved her goal

achievement

(n) thành tựu

Winning the prize was his greatest achievement

argue

(v) /ˈɑːɡ.juː/ tranh luận, cãi nhau

They often argue about money

argument

(n) /ˈɑːɡ.jʊ.mənt/ cuộc tranh cãi

They had an argument last night

argumentative

(adj) /ˌɑːɡ.jʊˈmen.tə.tɪv/ hay tranh luận

He’s very argumentative and stubborn

care

(v) quan tâm, chăm sóc

She really cares about her friends

careful(ly)

(adj/adv) cẩn thận

Drive carefully on the icy road

careless(ly)

(adj/adv) bất cẩn

He made a careless mistake

(un)caring

(adj) (không) quan tâm

She’s very caring toward animals

correspond

(v) /ˌkɒr.ɪˈspɒnd/ trao đổi thư từ

We correspond by email

correspondence

(n) /ˌkɒr.ɪˈspɒn.dəns/ thư từ, sự trao đổi

She kept all their correspondence

friend

(n) bạn bè

He’s my best friend

friendship

(n) tình bạn

Their friendship lasted for years

(un)friendly

(adj) (không) thân thiện

The staff were very friendly

happy

(adj) hạnh phúc

She’s happy with her new job

unhappy

(adj) buồn bã

He felt unhappy after the breakup

(un)happiness

(n) (không) hạnh phúc

Money can’t buy happiness

happily

(adv) một cách hạnh phúc

They lived happily ever after

jealous

(adj) /ˈdʒel.əs/ ghen tị

He’s jealous of his brother’s success

jealousy

(n) /ˈdʒeləsi/ sự ghen tuông

Her jealousy caused many problems

jealously

(adv) một cách ghen tuông
He guarded his secrets jealously

unkind

(adj) không tử tế
That was an unkind thing to say

(un)kindness

(n) sự (không) tử tế
I’ll never forget her kindness

kindly

(adv) tử tế, ân cần
She spoke kindly to the child

marry

(v) kết hôn
She married her college sweetheart

marriage

(n) hôn nhân
Their marriage is very happy

(un)married

(adj) (chưa) kết hôn
She’s still unmarried

nerve

(n) /nɜːv/ dây thần kinh, sự can đảm
It took a lot of nerve to tell the truth

nervous(ly)

(adj/adv) lo lắng
He waited nervously for the results

nervousness

(n) sự lo lắng
His nervousness showed during the speech

obey

(v)/əˈbeɪ/ vâng lời, tuân lệnh
Children should obey their parents

disobey

(v) không tuân theo
He was punished for disobeying the rules

(dis)obedient

(adj) /əˈbiː.di.ənt/ (không) vâng lời
The child was very obedient

(dis)obedience

(n) /əˈbiː.di.əns/ sự (không) tuân lệnh
Obedience is important in the army

person

(n) người
She’s a nice person

personal

(adj) cá nhân
This is my personal opinion

impersonal

(adj) khách sáo, lạnh lùng
The letter was very impersonal

personality

(n) tính cách
He has a great personality

impolite

(adj) bất lịch sự
It’s impolite to interrupt

(im)politely

(adv) (bất) lịch sự
He spoke politely to the guests

(im)politeness

(n) sự (bất) lịch sự
Her politeness impressed everyone

relate

(v) liên hệ, liên quan
I can relate to your story

relation

(n) mối liên hệ
There’s a close relation between diet and health

relative

(n) họ hàng
She visited her relatives last summer

relatively

(adv) tương đối
The exam was relatively easy

willing

(adj) sẵn lòng
I’m willing to help you

unwilling

(adj) không sẵn lòng
He seemed unwilling to talk

(un)willingness

(n) sự (không) sẵn lòng
I appreciate your willingness to help

(un)willingly

(adv) (không) tự nguyện
She willingly accepted the offer