CNA Chapter 1

What is another name for a long-term care facility?

Skilled nursing facility

Who are assisted living facilities for?

People who need some help with daily care

What type of care do adult day services provide?

Some help and supervision during certain hours

What is rehabilitation?

Care given by specialists to restore or improve function after an illness or injury

What is hospice care?

Care given to people who have about six months or less to live

What are residents?

People who live in long-term care facilities

What is a chronic condition?

A condition that lasts a long time

What may long-term facilities offer?

Assisted living, subacute care, or specialized care

T/F?

Facilities that offer specialized care must have specially trained employees

True

T/F?

Nonprofit organizations cannot own long-term care facilities

False

What is person-centered care?

Care that emphasizes the individuality of the person who needs care, and recognizes and develops the person’s capabilities

What does person-centered care revolve around?

the resident

What does person-centered care promote?

resident’s individual preferences, choices, dignity, and interests

What is trauma-informed care?

Care that seeks to consider a person’s trauma, experiences, and preferences while providing care

2 groups of people who qualify for Medicare

People who are 65+ or people of any age with permanent kidney failure or certain disabilities

1st part of Medicare

helps pay for care in hospital or skilled nursing or care from a home agency or hospice

2nd part of Medicare

helps pay for doctor services and other medical services and equipment

3rd part of Medicare

allows private health insurance companies to provide Medicare benefits

4th part of Medicare

helps pay for medication prescribed for treatment

How is eligibility for Medicaid determined?

qualification by income and special circumstances

What are three tasks that NAs are NOT allowed to perform?

insert or remove tubes, give tube feedings, or change sterile dressings

Why is observing and reporting changes in a resident’s condition is important?

So a resident’s care can be revised or updated as conditions change

If a nursing assistant sees a resident who is not on his assignment sheet but who needs help, what should the NA do?

The NA should provide the needed care

Liability

someone can be held responsible for harming someone else

Why should an NA not do tasks that are not assigned to them?

The NA may put themself or a resident in danger

What is a reason that other members of the care team show interest in an NA’s work?

Licensed healthcare providers assign the NA’s tasks

What is a policy?

a course of action to be followed

What is a procedure?

a method, or way, of doing something

Scope of practice

the tasks that healthcare providers are legally allowed to do according to state of federal law

Does the care plan always need to be followed?

The care plan must always be followed. Tasks not listed in the care plan or approved by the nurse should nor be performed

T/F?

Each step in a procedure is important and must be strictly followed

True

Professional or unprofessional?

Telling a resident about a bad date that the NA had over the weekend

Unprofessional

Professional or unprofessional?

Explaining care before providing it

Professional

Professional or unprofessional?

Asking quesions when not sure of something

Professional

Professional or unprofessional?

Answering a call while helping a resident eat dinner

Unprofessional

What is OBRA?

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

What does OBRA require?

minimum standards for NAs: at leasts 75 hours of training, basic nursing skills, personal care, and how to observe and report changes in residents’ conditions

pass a competency exam

registry of current NAs

residents have the right to the best care available. Dignity, choice, and independence are important parts of quality care regardless of a resident’s condition, diagnosis, or payment source

Quality of life

residents must receive the correct care, which should keep them as healthy as possible

Services and activities to maintain a high level of wellness

residents must be told what services are offered and what the fee is for each service, and must be given a written copy of their legal rights, along with the facility’s rules

the right to be fully informed about rights and services

residents have the right to participate in planning their treatment, care, and discharge and residents have the right to see and sign their care plans after all significant changes

the right to participate in their own care

residents can make choices about their doctors, care, and treatments and they can make personal decisions, such as what to wear and how to spend their time

the right to make independent choices

residents have the right to speak privately with anyone and they have the right to privacy during care and the right to confidentiality regarding every aspect of their lives

the right to privacy and confidentiality

residents must be respected and treated with dignity by caregivers and residents must not be abused, mistreated, or neglected in any way

the right to dignity, respect, and freedom

residents’ personal possessions must be safe at all times and facilities must make an effort to protect residents’ property from loss and theft

the right to security of possessions

residents have the right to be informed of and to consent to any location changes and residents have the right to stay in a facility unless a transfer or discharge is needed

rights during transfers and discharges

residents have the right to make complaints and voice grievances without fear for their safety or for the quality of care they will receive

the right to complain

residents have the right to visits from doctors, family members (spouses and domestic partners), friends, ombudsmen, clergy members, legal representatives, or any other

the right to visits

ombudsmen

a legal advocate for residents in long-term care facilities who helps resolve disputes and settle conflicts

the facility must provide residents with access to social services, including counseling, assistance in solving problems with others, and help contacting legal and financial professionals

rights with regard to social services

abuse

the purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, or emotional pain or injury to someone

physical abuse

any treatment, intentional or not, that causes harm to a person’s body, including slapping, bruising, cutting, burning, physically restraining, pushing, shoving, or even rough handling

psychological abuse

emotional harm caused by threatening, scaring, humiliating a person, or treating an adult as a child

verbal abuse

the use of spoken or written words, pictures, gestures that threaten, embarrass, or insult a person

sexual abuse

nonconsensual sexual contact or any type

financial abuse

the improper or illegal use of a person’s money, possessions, property, or other assets

assault

a threat to harm a person, resulting in the person feeling fearful that they will be harmed

battery

the intentional touching of a person without their consent. forcing a resident to eat a meal is another example

domestic violence

abuse by spouses, intimate partners, or family members- can be verbal, physical, or sexual

false imprisonment

unlawful restraint that affects a person’s freedom of movement. both the threat of being physically restrained and actually being restrained are types

involuntary seclusion

the separation of a person from others against the person’s will

workplace violence

abuse of staff by other staff members, residents, or visitors- can be verbal, physical, or sexual

sexual harassment

any unwelcome sexual advance or behavior that creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment

substance abuse

repeated use of legal or illegal drugs, cigarettes, or alcohol in a way that harms oneself or others

neglect

the failure to provide needed care that results in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person

negligence

actions, or the failure to act or provide the proper care for a resident, resulting in unintended injury

malpractice

occurs when a person is injured due to professional misconduct through negligence, carelessness, or lack of skill

T/F?

Reporting abuse or suspected abuse is optional

False

purpose of HIPAA

to protect and secure the privacy of health information

What does HIPAA stand for?

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

What does PHI mean?

protected health information

What are examples of PHI?

a person’s name, address, telephone number, social security number, email address, and medical record nnumber

Who are people who should have access to PHI?

only those who must have information to provide care or to process records

What is a medical chart?

the legal record of a resident’s care

When should medical charts be documented?

Immediately after care is given

What does MDS stand for?

Minimum Data set

What is the Minimum Data Set?

a detailed form with guidelines for assessing residents and it also list what to do if resident problems are identified

What is an incident?

an accident or unexpected event in the course of care