Water Test

Regulated medical waste

Treatment and/or research wastes capable of infectious disease

Hazardous material

UNUSED products that has the potential for health impact

Hazardous waste

USED products that has the potential for health impact

Hazardous waste characteristics

Ignitability, corrosivity, toxicity, reactivity

Ignitability

Flash point < 140F

Corrosivity

pH less than 2 or greater than 12.5

Toxicity

determined by Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)

Reactivity

Oxidizer

Hazardous listed waste

P - acute illness

U- chemo

Hazardous universal waste examples

batteries, pesticides, mercury containing equipment, lamps, aerosol cans

Universal waste (UW) area

-label

-secondary containment

• 1 year time limit

Satellite Accumulation Area (SAA) is

quantity limited

SAA characteristics

label

secondary containment

no weekly inspection required

<55 gallons

<1 quart (P-listed)

If above quantity limit, must be moved to CAA within 3 days

Central Accumulation Area (CAA) is

time limited

CAA characteristics

-label

-secondary containment

-weekly inspection requirement

-time and inspection log

-90 day limit

Trophic (nutritional) state of a water body (for surface water like lakes)

quantity of biologically useful nutrients like phosphorus, nitrogen, etc., dissolved in the water

Oligotrophic

Low nutrient, very clear, high dissolved O2, few plants, low temperatures, and high drinking quality - young lake

Mesotrophic

Medium-intermediate nutrient content, usually clear, submerged plants algae - balanced lake

Eutrophic

High nutrient content, decreased clarity, low dissolved O2, lots of aquatic life and algae - old lake

Hypereutrophic

High nutrient content, limited visibility (< 3 ft), excessive dense plant growth - dead zones beneath water surface

Lake Volume

V = (L)(W)(D)

L - length

W- width

**D - average depth

Medical oversight for water quality does not INCLUDE

A. Quality assurance and quality control

B. Physical security

C. Sanitary surveys

B. Physical security

The Army surgeon is responsible for:

A. Treatment of raw water source

B. Certifying potable water before distribution

C. Distributing potable water

B. Certifying potable water before distribution

Water must meet portable and palatable standards: T/F

False

Streams

Zone of degradation

Zone of decomposition

Zone of recovery

Zone of clear water

Zone of degradation

immediately downstream from contamination source, sludge deposits, low Dissolve Oxygen (~40%), algae dies, some fish

Zone of decomposition

downstream from contamination source, DO almost zero, no fish, foul odors, fish & algae absent

Zone of recovery

gradual reversal, DO increases (>40%), less odors, fish & algae reappear

Zone of clear water

original conditions with DO rising to saturation value

Stream Volumetric Flow Rate Calculation

Q = (V)(A)(CF)

V - surface velocity (length over time) (ex. feet/min)

A - average cross sectional area ( ______ sq. units) (ex. (sq. ft)

CF- correction factor (ex. 0.75)

** CF depends on stream type

Type of wells

Dug/bored

Driven

Drilled

Dug/bored

hallow water table (~10-30 ft); excavated by hand or shovel; large diameter; not cased continuously

Driven

aquifers near surface (~30-50 ft); excavated with small-diameter pipe, cased continuously; easily contaminated

Drilled

deep aquifer (>1000 ft); excavated with rotary-drilling machines; cased continuously; lower risk of contamination

Aquifer

Porous rock that readily transmits water

Water table

top of saturated zone; rises & falls seasonally

Artesian well

confined ground water is under sufficient pressure that water rises above the water table or land surface when tapped

Which parasite is a significant concern in drinking water?

Cryptosporidium

Cryptosporidium is a significant concern in drinking water because it contaminates most surface waters used as drinking water sources, it is resistant to chlorine and other disinfectants, and it has caused waterborne disease outbreaks.

Cryptosporidium is resistant to

Chlorine (and other disinfectants)

Which of the following are is NOT an OCONUS governing standard for DOD drinking water operations?

A. Overseas Environmental Baseline Guidance Document

B. DOD 4715.05-G

C. EPA National Drinking Water Regulations

D. Final Governing Standards

C. EPA National Drinking Water Regulations

(Primary or Secondary) National Drinking Water Regulations:

_______ enforceable

_______ non-enforceable

_______ aesthetic

_______ microorganisms

_______ cosmetic

_______ disinfectant treatment

_P enforceable

S_ non-enforceable

S___ aesthetic

P___ microorganisms

S___ cosmetic

_P disinfectant treatment

Long term potability deals with standards

more than 30 days

• Based on USEPA's NPDWR & SDWR and WHO standards

• STP approval continues until advanced water testing confirms LTP

Short term potability deals with standards

less than 30 days

• PM approves for distribution for drinking & all other uses

• PM documents results & approval in DOEHRS-EH or MESL