SAT Vocab

abrasive (adj.)

Rough, harsh, or rude in manner. 粗暴的，无礼的

bastion (n.)

A strong defense or fort; a stronghold for certain principles. 堡垒，要塞

circumscribe (v.)

To limit, restrict, or draw a line around. 限制，限制范围

complementary (adj.)

Combining well to form a complete whole or balance each other. 补充的，互补的

conscientious (adj.)

Thorough, careful, and guided by a sense of duty. 负责的，勤恳的

corrosive (adj.)

Causing gradual destruction or wearing away by chemical action. 腐蚀性的，破坏性的

debilitate (v.)

To weaken or make feeble. 削弱，使衰弱

denounce (v.)

To publicly condemn or accuse. 谴责，公开指责

discerning (adj.)

Having keen insight, good judgment, or understanding. 有眼力的，有洞察力的

disingenuous (adj.)

Insincere, dishonest, or not straightforward. 不真诚的，不坦率的

dowager (n.)

A widow holding property or a title from her late husband. 继承遗产的遗孀

extol (v.)

To praise highly or enthusiastically. 赞美，高度赞扬

facilitate (v.)

To make an action or process easier. 促进，使变得容易

forgo (v.)

To give up or do without. 放弃，弃绝

formidable (adj.)

Inspiring fear or respect through being impressively large or powerful. 可怕的，令人敬畏的

hallmark (n.)

A distinctive characteristic or mark of quality. 特点，标志

haven (n.)

A safe place or refuge. 避难所，避风港

improvident (adj.)

Wasteful; not planning or saving for the future. 无远见的，浪费的

ineffectual (adj.)

Useless; not producing the desired effect. 无效的，无能的

innocuous (adj.)

Harmless; not offensive. 无害的，乏味的

lackadaisical (adj.)

Lacking enthusiasm and determination; lazy or careless. 无精打采的，懒洋洋的

lax (adj.)

Careless, loose, or not strict enough. 不严格的，松弛的

litigious (adj.)

Prone to engaging in lawsuits or arguments. 好诉讼的

negligence (n.)

Failure to take proper care; carelessness. 疏忽，大意

nomad (n.)

A wanderer; someone with no permanent home. 游牧民，流浪者

palliative (adj.)

Relieving pain or problems without dealing with the underlying cause. 缓和的，减轻的

paramount (adj.)

Supreme; of chief importance. 最重要的，至上的

partisan (adj.)

Strongly biased in favor of a particular party or cause. 党派性的

perquisite (n.)

A perk or privilege that comes with a position. 额外收入，津贴

phlegmatic (adj.)

Having an unemotional and calmly disposition. 冷淡的，冷静的

pragmatic (adj.)

Practical, realistic, and matter-of-fact. 实用主义的，实干的

prescient (adj.)

Having or showing knowledge of events before they take place. 预知的，有预见的

prescribe (v.)

To state authoritatively that a rule or course of action should be followed. 规定，指定

prophetic (adj.)

Accurately predicting what will happen in the future. 预言性的，先知的

recant (v.)

To formally withdraw a statement or belief. 撤回声明，放弃信仰

retraction (n.)

The withdrawal of a statement, accusation, or opinion. 收回，撤回

seditious (adj.)

Inciting rebellion or resistance against authority. 煽动叛乱的

shrewd (adj.)

Having sharp powers of judgment; clever. 精明的，机敏的

sophistry (n.)

Clever but false reasoning, often used to deceive. 诡辩，谬论

stoic (adj.)

Enduring pain or hardship without showing feelings or complaining. 坚忍的，禁欲主义的

unflappable (adj.)

Calm and composed, especially in a crisis. 镇定的，不易惊慌的

vicarious (adj.)

Experienced in the imagination through the feelings or actions of another person. 间接体验的，替代的

acumen (n.)

The ability to make good judgments and quick decisions. 敏锐，洞察力

adulation (n.)

Excessive praise or flattery. 谄媚，奉承

amalgamate (v.)

To combine or mix different elements into one unified whole. 合并，联合

arcane (adj.)

Secret, mysterious, or understood by only a few. 晦涩难解的，神秘的

belie (v.)

To give a false impression of; to contradict. 掩饰，证明为假

circumspect (adj.)

Cautious, wary, and unwilling to take risks. 周到的，审慎的

culpable (adj.)

Deserving blame; guilty. 该责备的，有罪的

debacle (n.)

A sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco. 崩溃，彻底失败

delude (v.)

To deceive or mislead someone. 欺骗，迷惑

digression (n.)

A temporary departure from the main subject in speech or writing. 离题，偏离

disparate (adj.)

Essentially different in kind; not allowing comparison. 截然不同的，毫无干扯的

dogmatic (adj.)

Laying down principles as incontrovertibly true; opinionated. 教条的，武断的

elude (v.)

To evade or escape from danger, enemy, or understanding. 躲避，因惑，理解不了

equanimity (n.)

Mental calmness and composure, especially in a difficult situation. 镇定，镇静

eschew (v.)

To deliberately avoid using; to abstain from. 避开，回避

exorbitant (adj.)

Unreasonably high or excessive, usually referring to a price. 过度的，过高的

facetious (adj.)

Treating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor. 幽默的，滑稽的

forbearance (n.)

Patient self-control; restraint and tolerance. 克制，容忍

forestall (v.)

To prevent or obstruct an anticipated event by taking action ahead of time. 领先，抢先，先发制人

fortuitous (adj.)

Happening by accident or chance rather than design; lucky. 偶然的，幸运的

indictment (n.)

A formal charge or accusation of a serious crime. 控告，控诉

indoctrinate (v.)

To teach a person or group to accept a set of beliefs uncritically. 灌输，教授

ineffable (adj.)

Too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words. 难以表达的

ingenuous (adj.)

Innocent, unsuspecting, and completely honest. 坦白的，纯真无邪的

inimical (adj.)

Tending to obstruct or harm; unfriendly or hostile. 敌意的，不利的

obsequious (adj.)

Obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree. 谄媚的，奉承的

obtrusive (adj.)

Noticeable or prominent in an unwelcome or intrusive way. 突出的，强迫的

penchant (n.)

A strong or habitual liking for something or tendency to do something. 强烈的倾向，偏好

placid (adj.)

Calm, peaceful, and not easily upset or excited. 平静的，宁静的

rambunctious (adj.)

Uncontrollably exuberant; boisterous or rowdy. 粗暴的，难控制的

renunciation (n.)

The formal rejection of something, typically a belief, claim, or course of action. 放弃，弃权

sanguine (adj.)

Optimistic or positive, especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation. 愉快自信的，红润的

surreptitious (adj.)

Kept secret, especially because it would not be approved of. 秘密的，鬼鬼祟祟的

tenuous (adj.)

Very weak, slender, or slight. 纤细的，细长的

tribulation (n.)

A cause of great trouble or suffering. 苦难，磨难

vapid (adj.)

Offering nothing that is stimulating or challenging; dull. 枯燥的，乏味的

verisimilitude (n.)

The appearance of being true or real. 貌似真实，逼真

vitriolic (adj.)

Filled with bitter criticism or malice. 尖酸刻薄的

volatile (adj.)

Liable to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse. 易变的，不稳定的

zealot (n.)

A person who is fanatical and uncompromising in pursuit of their religious, political, or other ideals. 狂热者，盲从者