Gender Equality, Inequality & Development Lecture

25 fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering definitions, causes of inequality, gender mainstreaming, WID vs GAD, smart economics, HRBA, and key quotations from the lecture.

is based on the idea of equality of opportunities .

Gender equality

Under _, rights, responsibilities and opportunities do NOT depend on whether a person is born male; female

gender equality

Gender __ denotes fairness of treatment for women and men according to their respective needs.

Gender equity

are designed to meet both women's and men's needs

Gender aware approach

In development, _ often requires measures to compensate for the historical and social disadvantages of women.

gender equity

According to the Australian Government (2009), is about equal opportunity for men and women to identify their individual potential.

Gender equality

few countries give women the same legal work rights as men, limiting their job opportunities and pay

Lack of employment equality

- many girls worldwide cannot complete primary education, limiting future opportunities.

Uneven access to education

In places with religious restrictions, women suffer more, reducing their economic and social participation.

Lack of religious freedom

Women are underrepresented in government, causing issues like childcare, parental leave, and gender-based violence to be neglected.

Lack of political representation

Women often receive lower-quality healthcare due to poverty, discrimination, and less research into women-specific health issues

Poor Medical Care

Women often lack control over their reproductive choices due to limited contraception access, leading to unplanned pregnancies and dependence,

Lack of bodily autonomy

Many women lack protection against domestic violence and harassment, limiting their freedom and safety.

Lack of legal protections

Societal beliefs push men and women into different jobs, often with men in higher-paying roles while women handle unpaid labor.

Job Segregation

-Women of color face additional discrimination in jobs, pay, and healthcare, increasing gender inequality

Racism

Deep beliefs about gender roles limit progress, as societal values affect laws, healthcare, and employment opportunities for women.

Societal mindsets

Historical social roles have created __ that shape contemporary social attitudes.

gender stereotypes

variations such as actor/actress or policeman/policewoman are called gender markers .

Morphological

linguistic behavior is a social practice based on gender identities and __power relations.

Gender-specific

The strategy that integrates women’s and men’s concerns into all policies and programmes is called __.

gender mainstreaming

According to UN-ECOSOC (1997), the ultimate goal of gender mainstreaming is to achieve __.

gender equality

Gender mainstreaming discourse began in the __, contrasting with the women-only discourse of the 1970s.

1980s

approaches do NOT account for differences between women and men.

Gender-neutral

__ approaches actively strive to examine, question and change rigid gender norms and power imbalances.

Gender transformative

The _ approach sees women’s lack of participation as the central problem.

WID

The approach focuses on relations between women; men rather than on women alone.

GAD

A goal of the approach is equitable, sustainable development with men and women sharing decision -making and power.

GAD

“Gender relations are fundamentally power relations” is a core premise of the __ (acronym) approach.

GAD

The _ is normatively based on international human rights in all aspects of programmed development

Human Rights-Based Approach

argues that investing in women and girls speeds economic development. an approach to define gender equality as an integral part of economic development and aims to spur development.

Smart economics