Spanish 1 - Chapter 2

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1
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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

La biblloteca

the library

2
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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

La cafetería

the cafeteria

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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

El cuarto

the room

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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

El edificlo

the building

5
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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

la librería

the bookstore

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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

la oficina

the office

7
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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

la residencia

the dormitory

8
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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

el salón de clase

the classroom

9
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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

la fiesta

party

10
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¿Quinn? Personas (Who? People):

el bibllotecario

la bibllitecaria

the (male) librarian

the (female) librarian

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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

el compañero (de clase)

la compañera (de clase)

the (male) classmate

the (female) classmate

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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

el compañero de cuarto

la compañera de cuarto

the (male) roommate

the (female) roommate

13
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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

el consejero

la consejera

the (male) advisor

the (female) advisor

14
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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

el hombre

la mujer

the man

the woman

15
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¿Dónde? Lugares en la universidad (Where? Places at university):

el secretario

la secretaria

the (male) secretary

the (female) secretary

16
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¿Que? Objectos (What? Objects):

La calculadora

calculator

17
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¿Que? Objectos (What? Objects):

La computadora (portátil)

computer (laptop)

18
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¿Que? Objectos (What? Objects):

el diccionario

dictionary

19
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¿Que? Objectos (What? Objects):

el dinero

money

20
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¿Que? Objectos (What? Objects):

el pizarrón (blanco)

(white) board

21
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¿Que? Objectos (What? Objects):

el teléfono (celular)

(celluar) telephone

22
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¿Quinn? Personas (Who? People):

el profesor

la profesora

(male) college teacher

(female) college teacher

23
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¿Quinn? Personas (Who? People):

el doctor

la doctora

(male) doctor

(female) doctor

24
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Las Materias (the subjects):

la administración de compresas

buisness administration

25
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Las Materias (the subjects):

las comunicaciones

communications

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Las Materias (the subjects):

la economia

economics

27
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Las Materias (the subjects):

el español

spanish

28
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Las Materias (the subjects):

la filosofía

philosophy

29
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Las Materias (the subjects):

la literatura

literature

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Las Materias (the subjects):

las matemáticas

mathematics

31
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Las Materias (the subjects):

la sociología

sociology

32
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Las Materias (the subjects):

las ciencias

sciences

33
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Las Materias (the subjects):

naturales

natural

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Las Materias (the subjects):

políticas

political

35
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Las Materias (the subjects):

sociales

social

36
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Las Materias (the subjects):

las humanidades

humanities

37
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Las Materias (the subjects):

Las lenguas (extranjeras)

(forgien) languages

38
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Las Materias (the subjects):

la contabilldad

accounting

39
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Las Materias (the subjects):

la ingeniería 

engineering

40
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Las Materias (the subjects):

el mercadeo

marketing

41
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Las Materias (the subjects):

el periodismo

journalism

42
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an interrogative word (una palabra interrogativa):

a word used to ask a question about specific info (who? what? and so on)

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What two words can express “what”

¿Que?

¿Cuál?

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¿Cuándo?

when

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¿Cuánto?

How much?

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¿Cuantos?

How many?

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A diphthong (un diptongo)

a combination of two vowel sounds in on syllable

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Definite Articles (los artículos definidos): Masculine

el hombre

el libro

the man

the book

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Definite Articles (los artículos definidos): Feminine

La mujer

la mesa

the woman

the table

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INdefinite Articles (los artículos definidos): Masculine

Un hombre

Un libro

a man

a book

51
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INdefinite Articles (los artículos definidos): Feminine

Una mujer

Una mesa

a woman

a table

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An Article (Un Artículo)

a determiner that sets off a noun

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A definite article (Un Artículo definido)

an article that indicates a SPECIFIC noun EX: (THE)

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An INdefinite article (Un artículo indefinido)

an article that indicates an UNSPECIFIED noun

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Masculine Noun endings

-o

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Feminine noun endings

-a, -ción, -sión, -xión, -tad, -dad

57
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Two DEFINITE articles for SINGULAR nouns

Masc - El

Fem - La

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Two INdefinite articles for SINGULAR nouns

Masc - Un

Fem - Una

59
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Nouns ending un a vowel (Los substantivos que terminan en una vocal): Singluar to Plural

Sing - 

el libro

la mesa

un libro

una mesa

Plural -

Los libros

las mesas

unos libros

unas

mesas

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To make VOWLES plural, you add..

-s

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To make CONSANANTS plural, you add..

-es

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If the word ends in a Z, to make it plural you change the Z to..

-ces

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Plural of Articles:

El

La

Un

Una

Los

Las

Unos

Unas

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Groups of People:

Los Amigos

the friends (all male or both male and female)

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Groups of People:

Las Amigas

the friends (only female)

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Groups of people:

Unos extranjeros

Unas extranjeras

Some foriegners (all or both male male and female)

Some foriengners (all female)

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A subject (Un sujeto)

the person, place or thing that performs the action in a sentence

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A pronoun (Un pronombre)

a word that takes the place of a noun or represents a person

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Singular Subject Pronouns ( Los pronombres personales)

Yo (I)

Tú (you, familiar)

Usted (you, formal)

Él (he)

Ella (she)

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Plural Subject Pronouns ( Los pronombres personales)

Nosotros/Nosotras (we)

Vosotros/Vosotras (you, familiar, spain)

Ustedes (you, formal)

Ellos (they, m., f.)

Ellas (they, f.)

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An infinitive (Un Infinitivo)

a verb form that indicates action or state of being without reference to person, tense, or number

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A tense (un tiempo)

the quality of a verb form that indicates time: present, past or future

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All Spanish infinitives end in:

-ar, -er, -ir

Ex: Hablar

Comer

Vivir

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Conjugating Verbs (Conjugar)

to conjugate a verb means to give the various forms of the verb with their corresponding subjects

EX: I speak, you speak, she speaks

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Present Tense Endings: 

Personal endings that are added to the stem to form the present tense (el presente). -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an

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Singular Present Tense Endings: Example word: Hablar (to talk/speak)

Yo - o

Tú - as

Used, el, ella - a

Yo - HablO (I speak)

Tú - hablAS (you speak

Usted, el, ella - hablA (you speak, he speaks, she speaks)

77
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PLURAL Present Tense Endings: Example word: Hablar (to talk/speak)

Nosotros/as - amos

Vosotros/as - áis

Ustedes, ellos, ellas - an

Nosotros/as - HablAMOS (we speak)

Vosotros/as - hablÁIS (you speak)

Ustedes, ellos, ellas - hablAN (you speak, they speak)

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Los Vebros (-AR):

Ballar

to dance

79
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Los Vebros (-AR):

Buscar

to look for

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Los Vebros (-AR):

Cantar

to sing

81
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Los Vebros (-AR):

Comprar

to buy

82
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Los Vebros (-AR):

Descar

to want

83
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Los Vebros (-AR):

Enseñar

to teach

84
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Los Vebros (-AR):

Escuchar

to listen (to)

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Los Vebros (-AR):

Estudiar

to study

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Los Vebros (-AR):

Hablar

to speak, to talk

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Los Vebros (-AR):

hablar por teléfono

to talk on the phone

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Los Vebros (-AR):

Mandar un mensaje (de texto)

to (send a ) text

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Los Vebros (-AR):

nececestar

to need

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Los Vebros (-AR)

pagar

to pay (for)

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Los Vebros (-AR):

practicar

to practice

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Los Vebros (-AR):

regresar

to return (to a place)

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Los Vebros (-AR):

tocar

to play (a musical instrument)

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Los Vebros (-AR):

tomar

to take, to drink

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Los Vebros (-AR):

trabajar

to work

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Negation (La Negación)

In Spanish, the word NO is placed before the conjugated verb to make a negative sentence.

Subject + NO + verb

Ex: El estudiante no habla español

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Information Questions

ask for info, for facts. Typically begin with interrogative words (las palabras interrogativas)

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Yes/No questions

can be answered with a simple si or no

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Los altos ej ecutivos

High executives

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Las empresas

companies