IB Psychology: Chapter 6 Pts 5&6

sensorimotor stage

when babies use the skills they are born with to learn more about the environment

preoperational stage

children understand symbols, pretend & role play, and use egocentric thinking. still struggle with logic.

concrete operational stage:

begin to use logic and reasoning on concrete tasks, still struggle with abstract ideas

formal operational stage

when people learn to think abstractly, logically, and hypothetically

vygotsky's theory of development:

learning is not individual but happens through interacting with others, as well as culture

sex

physical differences between people who are male, female, or intersex

gender

social expectations associated with being a man or woman

gender identity

the psychological sense of self as a specific gender

gender constancy

the understanding that gender is unchanging

biological view

differences in thinking between men and women determined primarily by chromosomes and hormones

social view

gender identity is shaped by social influences more than biological ones

cognitive view

children develop mental schemas for each gender and try to conform to those schemas

cultural view

gender identity is partially shaped by the culture you are brought up in