ANIMSCI_101 Homework 2 Animal Nutrition

Classify the following species based on the type of diet that they consume:

HORSES are Herbivores

CATS and DOGS are Carnivores

RABBITS are Herbivores

RUMINANTS are Herbivores

PIGS are Omnivore

CHICKENS are Omnivore

Classify the following species based on the type of gastrointestinal tract:

HORSES are Monogastric hindgut fermenters

CATS and DOGS are Simple monogastric

RABBITS are Monogastric hindgut fermenters

CATTLE, SHEEP AND GOATS are Polygastric / ruminants

PIGS are Simple monogastric

CHICKENS are Simple monogastric

CAMELS, LLAMAS, ALPACAS are Pseudoruminants

Match the physiological statement with the organ that performs the function

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Secretes bicarbonate and enzymes aid for digestion, communicates with the duodenum

Pancreas

Absorption of water, electrolytes, and reduction of particle size in ruminants

Omasum

Anatomical structure resent in young ruminants that allows milk by-pass the rumen-reticulum

Esophageal groove

Main organ for fermentation and VFA absorption in ruminants

Rumen

Blind pouch with microbial population that allows hind gut species fermentation

Cecum

Prepares undigested feed for removal, absorption of water

Colon

Produces bile for fat digestion

Gallbladder

Acts as the pacemaker of ruminal contractions

Reticulum

Where most of the nutrients from the feed are absorbed in to the bloodstream

Jejunum and Ileum

Where the majority of chemical digestion of food occurs, synthesis and secretion of HCl and enzymes

Stomach/Abomasum/Compartment III

Read the following information and answer the questions: (use 2 decimals)

Lamb #278 was purchased at weaning (78 days) weight of 65 Lbs, and raised to reach market weight of 137 Lbs at 179 days of age. A total of 363 Lbs of feed were consumed by the lamb to achieve market weight.

The Average Daily Gain (ADG) of the animal is:

0.71

Read the following information and answer the questions: (use 2 decimals)

Lamb #278 was purchased at weaning (78 days) weight of 65 Lbs, and raised to reach market weight of 137 Lbs at 179 days of age. A total of 363 Lbs of feed were consumed by the lamb to achieve market weight.

Feed efficiency:

How many pounds of feed were consumed by the lamb per each 1 pound of Body Weight gain?

5.04

Read the following information and answer the questions: (use 2 decimals)

Lamb #278 was purchased at weaning (78 days) weight of 65 Lbs, and raised to reach market weight of 137 Lbs at 179 days of age. A total of 363 Lbs of feed were consumed by the lamb to achieve market weight.

Feed efficiency:

How many ponds of body weight the animal gained per each pound of feed consumed?

0.19

Read the following information and answer the questions: (use 2 decimals)

Lamb #278 was purchased at weaning (78 days) weight of 65 Lbs, and raised to reach market weight of 137 Lbs at 179 days of age. A total of 363 Lbs of feed were consumed by the lamb to achieve market weight.

The cost per Lb of feed is: $0.25

The producer received $0.95/ lb of Body weight

What is the profit on the animal?

39.4

Is the moisture-free content of the sample. Because moisture dilutes the concentration of nutrients it is important to always balance diets using this value:

Dry Matter

Is an example of an important macromineral that needs to be provided in diets of animals in larger quantities:

Calcium

Match the statements with the word that better describes it

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Any molecule or substance that supports cellular functions, physiological process and body functions

Nutrient

Is the process by which the cow regurgitates previously consumed feed and masticates it a second time, allowing effective mechanical breakdown of roughage and thereby increases substrate surface area to fermentative microbes

Rumination

Anaerobic chemical breakdown of nutrients and changes through the action of microbial enzymes

Fermentation

Physiological process that occurs in rabbits consume a digestive tract product called cecotroph which is a pellet rich in water (high moisture), electrolytes, and protein, low in fiber.

Cecotrophy

What are the name of the compounds such as Propionate, Acetate and Butyrate that provide energy to the animal;

Volatile fatty acids or VFAs

What proportion of the body weight of an animal represents the average dry matter intake?

2-3.5%