Bio Unit 1: Chemistry of Life

What does a line graph show?

To use trends for continuous data or how the data changes over short and/or long periods of time

What do scatterplots show?

To determine relationships between two different things

What do bar graphs show?

Comparing different items in a related category

What do pie charts show?

Used to show how a fixed quantity is broken down into parts

What does a histogram show?

A graphical display of data using bars of different heights

What makes something alive?

If it evolves, grows & developed, reproduces, uses energy, responds to stimuli, maintains homeostasis, and is make of cells

What is homeostasis?

Biological process that involves the maintenance of an organisms internal environment

What is metabolism used for?

To build up or break down materials

Matter

Anything that occupies space, has mass, an is made up of elements

Element

A substance made up of only one type of atom that cant be broken down into a simpler chemical substance

How elements represented on the periodic table?

A large letter of letters

Whats the element represented by here?

H

Where is the atomic number on the periodic table?

The top number on the element

Whats the atomic number?

1

Where is the atomic weight of an element represented?

The first number on the bottom of the element

What is the atomic weight?

1.008

How is the periodic table arranged?

By atomic number

What is atomic number?

Numbers of protons in an element

chemical reaction

When two or more elements come together to form anew product

Molecule

When two or more atoms of the same element come together

Compound

A substance composed of atoms of two or more elements in a new combination in a fixed ratio

When to atoms combine with other atoms?

When the resulting compound is more stable than the individual atoms

Do compounds have the same characteristics than the element alone?

No

What are the 4 primary elements found in the human body?

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Trace elements

Elements are those that are needed by organisms, but only in small amounts

What’s an example of trace elements?

Iron is used in the body to aid in metabolizing compounds by carrying oxygen to support the production of energy

Atoms

The smallest building blocks of matter that retain the characteristics of that element

Can atoms divide into smaller substances by any natural processes?

No

Nucleus

Small central part of an atom that contains the protons and neutrons

Proton charge

Positive

Neutron charge

Neutral

Electron change

Negative

Where is the proton in an atom?

The nucleus

Where is the neutron in the atom?

The nucleus

Where are electrons in an atom?

Orbiting the nucleus

Atomic number

The number of protons in an atom

Mass number

Sum of the number of protons and neutrons

Isotopes

The same type of atom that behave the same and have the same number of protons, but they have different numbers of neutrons

Radioactive isotopes

Isotopes whose nucleus decays spontaneously, causing particles and energy to be given

Where are electrons can be located?

Electron shells

What does the outermost shell contain contain?

Valence electrons

What is sharing gaining or losing electrons results in the formation of?

Chemical bonds

What does the first orbital of the electron shell can hold how many electrons?

2

Covalent bonds

Occur when two atoms share one or more pairs of valence

What is the strongest type of chemical bond?

Covalent bond

What type of bond happens between two nonmetal elements?

Covalent bonds

How many electrons are in the outer shell of a covalent bond?

Full