chemical reactions and equations

what are chemical reactions? eg?

the processes where new substances with new properties are formed

characteristics of chemical reactions?

formation of precipitate

change in state

/color

/temperature

evolution of gas

law of conservation of mass

in a chemical reaction, mass is neither created nor destroyed. mass of reactants is equal to mass of products.

limitations of simple chemical equations

physical state of reactants and products

heat change

use of catalyst

formation of precipitate

combination reaction

where two or more substances react to form a single product

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decomposition reaction

where a compound decomposes to form two or more products

thermal/photo/electrolytic

due to application of heat energy

in the presence of light

due to the application of electric current

displacement reaction

where a highly reactive element displaces a less reactive element from a compound

double displacement reaction

two compounds react by exchanging ions

oxidation reaction

addition of oxygen to a substance

removal of hydrogen from a compound

loss of electrons

reduction

addition of hydrogen to a subst.

removal of oxygen from a compound

gain of electrons

precipitate reaction

reaction between two salt solutions in which an insoluble substance called precipitate is formed

neutralization reaction

the reaction between acid and base forming salt and water

redox reaction

oxidation and reduction takes place together

combination reaction eg?

Na+Cl2 = NaCl

Cao+H2O= Ca(OH)2

thermal d. eg?

Pb(NO3)2 = Pbo+NO2+O2

FeSo4 = fe2o3+so2+so3

photo d. eg?

Agcl = Ag+Cl2

AgBr = Ag+Br2

electrolytic d. eg?

h20 = h2+o2

NaCl = Na+Cl2

displacement r. eg?

Fe+CuSo4 = FeSo4+ Cu

Zn+CuSo4 = ZnSo4+Cu

double displacement r. eg?

BaCl2+NaSo4 = BaSo4+NaCl

Nacl+AgNo3 = Agcl + NaNO3

redox eg?

Zno+C = Zn+CO

PBo+h2 = Pb+H20

oxidation eg?

C+O2 = Co2

H2S+Cl2 = HCl+S

reduction eg?

N2+H2 = NH3

CuO+H2 = Cu+H2O

exothermic eg?

C+O2 = Co2+heat

Cao+H2o = Ca(OH)2+heat

C6H12o6 + o2 = co2+h20+heat

endothermic eg?

n2+o2 = No2

feSo4 = fe2o3+so2+so3

quick lime and slaked lime

CaO and Ca(OH)2

chemical formula of marble

CaCo3

catalyst

substance used to increase the rate of chemical reaction without being consumed during the reaction