2.3

complex waves

A complex periodic wave has ________

multiple frequency components

A complex periodic wave is ______…

periodic with one fundamental frequency with multiple resonant frequency components

The period of a cycle in a complex periodic wave is the same as the period of the _________________ that makes it up

lowest frequency component

Why is the period of the cycle in a complex period wave the same as the period of the lowest frequency component that makes it up?

This is because the lowest frequency component, also known as the fundamental frequency, dictates the overall repeating pattern of the wave, establishing the time interval for one complete cycle

waveform view

graph with time on the x-axis and amplitude on the y-axis

fourier analysis

breaks down a complex wave into all of the sine waves that make up the complex waves

After a complex wave is broken down, what can be measured?

amplitudes, frequencies, phases

What is the graph after the fourier analysis?

graph with frequency on x-axis and amplitude on the y-axis

Does the fourier analysis graph only show one moment in time?

yes

The fourier analyis shows a _______

spectrum

The first major spike in a fourier analysis is _________

the fundamental frequency (F0)

The fundamental frequency is also known as the __________

first harmonic frequency (H1)

________ are all related to the fundamental frequency

harmonics

What are harmonics?

all of the sine waves that make up the complex wave

Harmonic # equation

fundamental frequency x the number of harmonic

When the _____ of the harmonics is different, the sounds have a different quality

amplitude

In order for a complex wave to be periodic, the component waves have to be related to each other in ___________

whole number integers/simple ratios

A complex wave can also be _______

aperiodic

What does aperiodic mean?

the period is different on each repetition

What is a transient aperiodic complex wave?

a high amplitude, short duration sound, and wide spectrum wave

What does a simple wave look like?

sine wave

Is a simple wave periodic?

yes

A simple wave has _____ frequency[ies]

one

All cycles in a simple wave have to have the same _________

amplitude

Simples waves have a ______ that can be compared to other waves

phase