Sinuses

What are the main projections for the sinuses

Caldwell, Waters Open Mouth, and Lateral

What is the patient position for the Caldwell Sinuses

PA with nose touching IR - OML 15 degrees

What is the centering for the Caldwell SInuses

exit the nasion

What is the image critique for caldwell sinuses

shows frontal sinuses and anterior ethmoid air cells - frontal sinus lying above frontal nasal suture and anterior ethmoidal air cells lying above the petrous ridges - equal distance between lateral skull and orbits on both sides - Symmetric petrous ridges lying in lower 1/3 of the orbit - MSP centered

What is the patient positon for Waters open mouth

Seated - hyperextend neck to make MML perpendicular - then open mouthWh

WHat is the centering for the waters open mouth

exit the acanthion

What is the image critique for waters open mouth sinuses

shows maxillary and sphenoid sinus - maxillary sinus free of superimposition from petrous pyramids - equal distance between lateral border of skull and orbits - Symmetric orbits - MSP centered

What is the patient positon for the lateral sinuses

place the position in anterior oblique - side of interest closest to IR - place head in lateral - MSP parallel - IPL perpendicular - IOML perpendicular to front edge of IR

What is the centering for lateral sinuses

1/2”-1” posterior to outer canthusW

What is the image critique for lateral sinuses

shows sinus dimensions and relationship to sturctures - best demonstrates sphenoidal sines - Sella turcica in profile - superimposed orbital roofs - superimposed mandibular ramiW

What is important with the CR for sinus projections

All perpendicular to show proper fluid levels