Cardiovascular System Review (Part 2)

What does the pacemaker when implanted help with?

It starts each heart beat by sending impulses to both atria causing them to contract

Where is the pacemaker of the heart located?

In the wall of the right atrium

What is the pacemaker made up of?

Specialized myocardial cells

What does the sinoatrial (SA) node do?

It initiates electrical impulses that determine the heart rate and rhythm

Where is the Atrioventricular Node (AV node) located?

At the base of the right atrium

What does the AV node do?

It receives impulses from the SA node

Where is the Atrioventricular Bundle located?

The middle of the septum

What is the function of the Atrioventricular (AV) Bundle?

It controls the direction of the heartbeat

What does the purkinje network do?

It ensures the rapid and synchronized contraction of the ventricle muscle

What is the average heart rate?

70 - 80 BPM

Heart rate is usually faster in ________

Females

Heart rate can be slower in ______ ________

trained athletes

What is the heart rate normally at birth?

100-140 BPM

What is the length of one heartbeat cycle?

0.8 seconds

What is systole?

The contraction of the ventricle

What is diastole?

The relaxation of the ventricle

What is Cardiac Output?

The amount of blood pumped out of each side of the heart in 1 minute

What is the normal range for blood pressure?

110/70

The P Wave on an EKG shows what?

Depolarization (recharge) of atria

The QRS Complex on an EKG shows what?

Depolarization (contraction) of ventricles

What does the T Wave on an EKG show?

The re polarization of ventricles