UP-coming test (Term 2)

Misinformation

False information that is shared by someone who believes it is true.

Disinformation

False information that is spread on purpose to mislead people.

Confirmation Bias

When someone only believes info that matches their views and ignores the rest.

Inferencing

Making a guess based on clues and what you already know.

How to check if a source is reliable

Check the author, date, website type (.org/.gov), look for bias, and confirm with other sources.

Ethos

Persuasion using credibility or trust (e.g., expert opinion).

Pathos

Persuasion using emotions (e.g., sad story or inspiring message).

Logos

Persuasion using logic, facts, or stats.

How to tell if a video/image is a deepfake

Look for strange movements, weird voice, poor lip sync, or use reverse image search.

Are news websites always reliable?

No — some have bias or use clickbait. Depends on source and purpose.

Alliteration

Repeating the same starting sounds (e.g., “fun, freeing, fantastic”).

Anecdote

A short personal story used to make a point.

Comparatives and Superlatives

Words like “better,” “best,” “stronger,” “most fun.”

Emotive Language

Words that make the reader feel emotions (e.g., “you deserve better”).

Facts/Statistics

True info with numbers or data (e.g., “30% more likely”).

Hyperbole

Extreme exaggeration (e.g., “change your life”).

Imagery

Descriptive language that creates a picture (e.g., “wind in your hair”).

Imperatives

Command words like “Try it!” or “Don’t wait!”

Listing

A list of ideas or reasons (e.g., “build confidence, reduce stress…”).

Personal Pronouns

Words like “you,” “your,” “we,” “us.”

Questions

Rhetorical questions to make the reader think (e.g., “What’s stopping you?”)

Repetition

Repeating words or phrases for effect (e.g., “Try something new. Try something now.”)

Triples

Grouping three ideas for impact (e.g., “fun, fresh, fast”).

Author Bias in news article

The writer favors one side — in this case, shoppers over protesters.