Intervals

Interval

The distance between two pitches either vertically or horizontally

Harmonic interval

The pitch distance between two notes played at the same time

Melodic interval

The distance in pitch between two notes that are played on after the other, as in a melody

Augmented 

One half step larger than a perfect or major interval 

Diminished

One half step smaller than a perfect or minor interval

Simple Interval 

Intervals between a unison and a octave 

Compound interval

Any interval larger than an octave

Intervallic inversion

Occurs when two notes are flipped. Useful for when you do not want to work in the key signature of the note that is the original lower note.

Consonant 

Intervals that are considered more stable 

Dissonant

Intervals are considered less stable as if they need to resolve

Interval size

Tells us the number of steps that the interval contains

perfect intervals 

Unisons, 4ths, 5ths, and octaves are _______

Not perfect

2nds, 3rds, 6hts, 7ths, are ________

Augmented

When a perfect interval is enlarged by a half-step, it becomes _________

Diminished

When a perfect interval is reduced by a half step, it becomes ________

one semitone 

Major seconds contain ________

2 semitones

Major seconds contain _________

3 semitones

Minor thirds contain

4 semitones 

major thirds contain _______

8 semitones

A minor sixth contains 8 semitones

9 semitones

A major sixth contains _______

10 semitones 

A minor seventh contains _______

11 semitones

A major seventh contains ______

Augmented

When a major interval is enlarged by a half step, it becomes ______

Minor 

When a major interval is reduced by a half-step, it becomes ______

major

When a minor interval is enlarged by a half step, it becomes ______

Diminished 

When a minor interval is reduced by a half-step, it becomes ________

Perfect consonance

Most stable consonances; include unison, 8ve, and p5

Imperfect consonances

less stable consonance- depending on the context; includes 3rds and 6ths 

Dissonant Intervals

Include major and minor seconds and sevenths, and all augmented and diminished intervals

Interval inversion

The act of reversing the order of two pitches

Simple inversions 

May be inverted by raising the lower pitch an octave or lowering the upper pitch an octave 

Sevenths

Seconds always invert into _____

sixths

Thirds always invert into ______

Fifths 

Fourths always invert into 

nine

The sum of two interval sizes always equals _______

perfect

Perfect intervals stay _______ when inverted

minor

major intervals become _____ when inverted

Major 

Minor intervals become _____ when inverted 

Diminished

Augmented intervals become ________ when inverted

Augmented 

Diminished intervals become _______ when inverted 

Compound intervals

intervals that span more than an octave