BI151 | EXAM 3: UNIT 8: APPENDICULAR SKELETON, TARSALS, METATARSALS, PHALANGES, ARCHES

What is the heel bone called, and what does it serve as an attachment site for?

Calcaneus; attachment site for Achilles tendon

Which is the most superior tarsal bone and the only one that articulates with the tibia and fibula?

Talus

What is the shape of the navicular bone?

Boat-shaped

What shape is the cuboid bone?

Cube-shaped

What is the shape of the cuneiform bones, and how many are there?

Wedge-shaped; three bones (first, second, third)

How are metatarsals numbered?

From medial to lateral, I to V

What joints do the metatarsals form proximally?

Tarsometatarsal joints with cuneiform bones

What joints do the metatarsals form distally?

Metatarsophalangeal joints with phalanges

What is the name of the bone structure that forms the toes?

Phalanges

How are the digits numbered, and which digit is referred to as the hallux?

Digits are numbered I to V, starting with the great toe (hallux)

What phalanges does the hallux (great toe) have?

Proximal and distal phalanges

What phalanges do other digits have (excluding the hallux)?

Proximal, middle, and distal phalanges

What are the joints between the phalanges called?

Interphalangeal joints

What is the structure of the longitudinal arch of the foot?

• Medial part originates at calcaneus, ends at heads of three medial metatarsals

• Lateral part originates at calcaneus, ends at heads of two lateral metatarsals

What forms the transverse arch of the foot?

• Navicular

• Cuneiforms

• Bases of metatarsals