Tab E (1-3; 2-3)

What is a continent?

Any of the seven large landmasses on the planet

How many continents are on the planet?

Seven

Name the seven continents.

North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and Antarctica

What is the smallest continent?

Australia

What is the largest continent?

Asia

Which continent is the most heavily populated?

Asia, and it is also the largest

What is the third largest continent in the world?

North America

What is the only continent that is also a country?

Australia

The world’s largest desert, the Sahara, is located on what continent?

Africa

The world’s longest river, the Nile, is located on what continent?

Africa

What is the world’s largest tropical rainforest, and where is it located?

The Amazon, and it is in South America

What is a globe?

A sphere shaped model of the earth

What is a hemisphere?

Half of the earth

What is the equator?

An imaginary line at zero degrees latitude that circles the globe at its widest point, halfway between the North and South Poles

What is another name for the imaginary circle on the Earth’s surface that passes through the North and South Poles and is a line of longitude or parallel?

Meridian

An imaginary line that runs through the North and South Poles is called the Earth’s what?

Axis

The prime meridian passes through the Royal Naval Observatory in Greenwich, which is in what city and country?

London, England

What is the name for one continuous body of water interrupted by land masses?

Ocean

Name the four oceans on the planet.

Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic

Which of the four oceans is the largest and deepest, and covers a third of the globe?

Pacific ocean

Which ocean is the second largest body of water on the planet and covers 33 Illini square miles?

Atlantic ocean

Which of the four oceans is the smallest and most shallow?

Arctic ocean

Which area is colder, the Arctic or the Antarctic, and why?

The Antarctic is colder because the Arctic ocean moderates the temperature in the Arctic

What is the name of the point on the globe that represents the northernmost point of the Earth?

The north pole

What is the name of the point on the globe that represents the southernmost point of the Earth?

The south pole

What is the longest latitude line or parallel?

The equator

What degree of latitude is the equator?

Zero

A degree a unit of latitude or longitude, equal to what measurement of the globe?

1/360th

What is the name for the system developed by the Ancient Greeks that divides the globe into 360 segments?

Degrees

In addition to lines of latitude, what are imaginary horizontal lines on the globe called?

Parallels

What is the term for a unit of latitude or longitude equal to 1/360th of the globe?

A degree

What is the map?

A line drawing of a portion of the earths surface has seen from above

On a topographic map, how is elevation indicated?

By vertical lines

What type of map is generally the most accurate?

Topographic

what are the most common units of measurement on bar scales?

Miles and kilometers

Where on the map is marginal information located?

On the outer edge of the map

What does the color blue represent on a map?

Water features such as lakes, rivers, and swamps

What does the color black represent on a map?

Man made features such as buildings or roads

What does the color brown represent on a map?

Elevation and relief features such as mountain ranges

What does the color green represent on map?

Vegetation such as woods, grasslands, brush, orchards, or vineyards

What does the color red represent on a map?

Classifies man made features and includes populated areas, main roads, and special features

What is “relief” on a map?

The shape of land formations on the Earth’s surface

Give three examples of man-made objects frequently found in maps.

Bridges, roads, railroads, towers, and buildings

What type of map shows relief and position of natural and man-made features, and is generally the most accurate?

Topographic

Topographic maps use what color, readable by red lenses flashlights, to identify man-made features and contour lines?

Reddish brown

What is the name of the contour lines that fall in between the index lines and do not show the elevation number?

Intermediate contour lines

What is the name of terrain feature where a dip or low point is between two ares of high ground?

Saddle

Contour lines forming a valley on a topographical map are shown in what shape?

U or V shape

How many intermediate contour lines are between index lines on a topographic map?

Four

What is every fifth contour line called?

Index line

What is the difference in height or elevation between one contour line and the one next to it called?

Contour interval

Which contour line is a heavily drawn line whose elevation is normally given?

Index line

The close end of the contour line for a ridge points in what direction?

Away from the high ground (toward low ground)

Name the five major terrain features found in a topographic map.

Hill, saddle, valley, ridge, and depression

What is a sinkhole or a low point in the ground called?

Depression

Name three ways to locate your position on a map.

Using terrain features, a back azimuth, or resection

What is the back azimuth of 280 degrees?

100

How do you determine a back azimuth?

Add 180 degrees if the forward azimuth is smaller than 180 degrees. Subtract 180 degrees is it is larger than 180 degrees

What is it called when a person tries to locate an unknown point by determining the azimuth from where two known points on the ground intersect?

Intersection

What device is used to determine a grid azimuth?

A protractor

What is an azimuth?

A horizontal angle measured clockwise from a base direction

When using a protractor, the baseline is always oriented parallel to what?

A north-south grid line

Where is the sheet name on a topographic map located?

At the center of the top margin of the map

What is the angular difference between true north and either magnetic or grid north called?

Declination

On a topographic map, contour lines very close together indicate what type of slope?

A steep slope

What memory device can you use to remember important terrain features?

Fist

Starting at mean sea level, which number contour line is always an index contour line on U.S. maps?

Fifth

Aircraft rulers used to measure ground distance in a map are called what?

Bar scales

Which map is easier to read and shows greater detail: a 1:5,000 scale map or a 1:25,000 scale map?

1:25,000

What are the three basic directions?

True north, magnetic north, and grid north

How are railroads symbolized on a map?

By single or parallel lines with horizontal tick marks

How is an airport symbolized on a map?

By a picture of an airplane

East-West routes that are principal routes on maps are identified with what kind of numbers?

Even

North-South routes that are principal routes on maps are identified with what kind of numbers?

Odd

Parallel or solid lines that vary in thickness and color mark identify what feature on a map?

Roads

A principal route with I-70 runs in what direction?

East-West

A principal route with I-35 runs in what direction?

North-South

What is a pace count?

The number of paces required to walk 100 meters as counted each time the left foot strikes the ground

What is the average pace count for a small person moving through a dense forest?

55 strikes of the left foot per 100 meters

What is the average pace count for a tall person on a road or path?

47 strikes of the left foot per 100 meters

What is the term for when distance is measured by the number of times the left foot strikes the ground?

Pace count

What does GPS stand for in land navigation?

Global Positioning System

Name three of the six types of orienteering courses.

Route, lines, cross country, score, relay, and night

In orienteering, how do organizers score the cross country or free event?

By the competitors time alone

What does a control point in orienteering look like?

A trapezoid shaped marker, usually orange or red and white, used to mark a feature

What do you use during the movement technique of selecting a prominent terrain feature and reorienting after you reach this feature?

Attach points

The purpose of orienteering is to locate what by using a map and compass to navigate the terrain?

Control points

What is the name of the designated location where competitors may go if they are injured, fatigued, or lost?

Safety lane

In a route orienteering, who walks a route while beginners trace actual route walked on their maps?

A master

While on a hike in the woods with a friend, you drop and break your own compass. After walking around for a while, you think you may be lost. You hike to the top of the nearby hill and see two features that are also marked on your map. What step should you take next to find your way out of the woods?

Orient your map so it is aligned with the terrain and landmarks

You in a group of cadets are looking at the first topographical map that any of you have ever seen. One of the other cadets points to some brown lines in a brown number 600 and asks what they mean what should you tell him?

The brown lines represent the elevation in the 600 means the elevation is 600 m above sea level

You are assigned to your Battalion S-3 and are an assistant to the Operations Sergeant. The Operations Sergeant was given the assignment to plan a route for a 4-mile hike in a local park. To test you, he gives you four different kinds of maps of the park and tells you to select one that will show elevation changes, most accurately. Which do you select?

Topographic map