English langauge a level

Noun

Names a thing, idea or concept

Verb

Demonstrates actions, events or a state of being or feeling

Adjective

Modifies (describes) a noun

Adverb

Modifies a verb, adjective or other adverb

Determiner

Add detail or clarity to a noun

Conjunction

Provides connections between phrases, clauses or sentences

Preposition

Indicates relation by time or place

Pronoun

Substitutes for a noun

Types of noun: Proper

Refers to names of people or places

Types of noun: Abstract

Refers to states, feelings and concepts that do not exist physically

Types of noun: Concrete

Refers to objects which have a physical existence

Types of noun: Collective

Denotes a group of individuals

Types of noun: Countable

Objects which can be counted: usually concrete

Types of noun: Non-countable

Cannot be counted

Types of pronoun: Personal

Refers to a person

Types of pronoun: Possesive

Indicates belonging or possession

Types of pronoun: Reflexive

Refers back to the subject previously mentioned

Types of pronoun: Demonstrative

Orientate towards a person, object or idea which is nearby or further away but clear from the context

Types of pronoun: Relative

Introduces a relative clause (a phrase which offers more information about the preceding noun)

Types of pronoun: Indefinite

Refers to a non-specific idea or person

Types of pronoun: Interrogative

Introduces a question

Types of verbs: Dynamic

Describes an action or process being done by a noun or subject

Types of verb: Stative

Describe a state of being

Type of verb: Transitive

(needs an object) Attached to an object and won’t make sense without one

Types of verb: Intransitive

Does not need to be attached to an object

Type of verb: Primary auxiliary

Consist of various forms of ‘to have,’ ‘to be’ and ‘to do’

Types of verb: Modal auxiliary

Indicates possibility or permission

Types of verb: Linking (copula)

Connect a subject to a noun or adjective

Types of verb: Imperative

Give orders or instructions

Gerunds1

You may encounter words ending in -ing which are usually verbs but used as nouns

Gerund 2

Gerunds are traditionally seen as nouns but now are more likely to be analysed as verbs

Non countable noun example

Air, wool

Countable noun example

Friend, Cat

Collective noun example

Team, flock

Concrete noun example

Birds, music

Abstract noun example

Love, respect

Proper noun example

New york, Coca-Cola

Personal pronoun example

I, she

Possesive pronoun example

Mine, ours

Reflexive pronoun example

Myself, themselves

Demonstrative pronoun example

This, these, those

Relative pronoun example

Which, that

Indefinite pronoun example

Someone, everything

Interrogative pronoun example

What, who

Dynamic verb example

Walk, drink

Stative verb example

Love, suppose

Transitive verb example

Please CLOSE the window

Intransitive verb example

Read, increase

Primary auxiliary verb example

Has, is

Modal auxiliary verb example

Should, may

Linking (copula) verb example

Is, seems

Imperative verb examples

LEARN your verb types

Gerunds example

Teaching is a vocation