REVIEWER FOR PHILHIS

What is the study of significant past events called?

History.

What is the Greek origin of the word 'history'?

Historia, meaning knowledge acquired through investigation.

What is the primary focus of historians?

Recreating verisimilar images of the past based on evidence.

What is the Historical Method?

The process of critically analyzing records and survival of the past.

What is Historiography?

The imaginative reconstruction of the past.

What are primary sources in historical research?

First-hand accounts, eyewitnesses like diaries, pictures, and maps.

What are secondary sources in historical research?

Testimonies from people who are not eyewitnesses, like textbooks or scholarly journals.

What is external criticism in history?

Scrutinizing the tangible characteristics and authenticity of a source.

What is internal criticism in history?

Examining the truthfulness and reliability of a historical source.

Who is Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista?

The author of the Act of Proclamation of Independence of the Filipino People in 1898.

What did the Treaty of Tordesillas accomplish?

Divided the world between Spain and Portugal.

Who was Antonio Pigafetta?

Chronicler of Magellan's voyage.

What marked the Battle of Mactan?

A confrontation between Magellan's forces and Lapu-Lapu's warriors.

What is mercantilism?

An economic policy where countries trade goods to increase wealth, exploiting resources.

What did the Acta de la Proclamación de Independencia del Pueblo Filipino declare?

The independence of the Philippines from Spanish rule on June 12, 1898.

What event did Marcelo H. del Pilar parody in 'Dasalan at Tocsohan'?

Catholic prayers to expose the abuses of Spanish friars.

What was the primary goal of Magellan’s expedition?

To find spices in the Moluccas and Christianize the peoples encountered.

Who was Lapu-Lapu?

The chief who resisted conversion to Christianity and fought against Magellan.

What is the significance of the blood compact within Tagalog culture?

It symbolized trust and alliance.

What did the term 'Barangay' refer to in precolonial society?

The basic political unit led by a datu (chief).

What is 'bigay-kaya' in Tagalog marriage customs?

The dowry given by the groom's family to the bride's parents.

What is the name of the religious belief in supreme creator among Tagalogs?

Bathala.

What was the burial practice for chiefs in Tagalog culture?

Burial beside homes, sometimes in boats with slaves or animals.

What year did Magellan arrive in the Philippines?

March 17, 1521.

What did Reyna Juana receive from Magellan during her baptism?

The image of the Sto. Niño.

What event is associated with March 31, 1521, in the Philippines?

The first mass held in the Philippines.

Who was William Henry Scott?

An American historian who exposed the Code of Kalantiao as a hoax.

What was the purpose of the Code of Kalantiao?

Claimed to be an ancient set of laws created by Datu Kalantiao.

What misconception did Kenneth Scott Latourette propagate about precolonial Filipinos?

That they were primitive and needed Christianization.

What historical essay did Fray Juan de Plasencia write?

Customs of the Tagalogs.

What reflected the societal hierarchy of pre-colonial Filipinos?

The classes: Maharlika, Aliping Namamahay, and Aliping Sa Guiguilid.

What did the phrase 'Acta de la Proclamación de Independencia del Pueblo Filipino' mean?

Declaration of Independence of the Filipino People.

What did the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan signify for the Philippines?

The beginning of European colonization.