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Winston Churchill:
an inspirational statesman, writer, orator and leader who led Britain to victory in World War II
Charles de Gaulle:
general and former president of france
Dwight Eisenhower:
general during World War II and the 34 president of the US
Hirohito:
he was an emperor of Japan and lead the invasion of China
Adolf Hitler:
Was a little-known political leader when Mussolini became dictator of Italy. He was also a former soldier for the Germans during WWI. Then, he became the dictator of Germany.
Douglas MacArthur:
he was a general who served in World War 1, World War II, and the Korean War
Benito Mussolini:
A newspaper editor and politician who promised to rescue Italy by reviving its economy and rebuilding its armed forces
J. Robert Oppenheimer:
he led the Manhattan Project, the top-secret effort to develop the first nuclear weapons, and served as the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory during World War II
Erwin Rommel:
commander of the Afrika Korps North America during World War II
Franklin Roosevelt:
he served more than 2 terms. He was the president during the Great Depression, and focused on getting the US out of it. He was also the president during WWII, and focused on US involvement in it. He is known for his New Deal policies and leadership during the war, including the establishment of the Lend-Lease program to support Allied nations.
Joseph Stalin:
general secretary of the communist party of the soviet union and leader of the Soviet Union during World War II, known for his role in the Allied victory and the post-war expansion of Soviet influence.
Paul Tibbets:
he was the pilot of Enola Gay which dropped the atomic bomb in Hiroshima
Hideki Tojo:
he was a Japanese general and statesman. He was the prime minister of Japan during WWII and played a significant role in Japan's military decisions during the war, including the attack on Pearl Harbor.
Harry Truman:
he was the 33rd president and was FDR’s vp in 1945, and became president when FDR died
Isoruko Yamamoto:
he was the man that came up with Pearl Harbor
Fascism:
A political movement that promotes an extreme form of nationalism and militarism
Nazism:
The German form of Fascism
Appeasement:
a diplomatic strategy where a country gives an aggressive power what they want to avoid conflict or war.
Axis Powers:
a temporary alliance lead by Germany, Jepan, and Italy
Isolation:
a US foreign policy approach characterized by non-involvement in international conflicts and alliances, focusing instead on domestic issues and maintaining neutrality.
Third Reich:
Nazi Regime that governed Germany from 1933 to 1945, led by Adolf Hitler, promoting totalitarianism and militarism.
Blitzkrieg:
a quick intense military attack, often involving tanks and air support, designed to achieve a quick victory by overwhelming the enemy
Aryan:
the Indo-Europeans who settled in India
Kristallnacht:
the name for the night of broken glass. It was when the Nazis torched synagogues, vandalized Jewish homes, schools, and businesses
Ghetto:
A ghetto is a place where groups of people are kept forcibly, segregated, from others. The Nazis used ghettos to isolate and contain the Jewish population.
Final Solution:
a plan to eliminate Europe’s Jewish population
Genocide:
the delibrate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group
Manhattan Project:
a top-secret US government program during World War II that developed and built the first atomic bombs
Swastika:
The Nazi symbol
Fuhrer:
German word that means leader or guide
Mein Kampf:
A book that Hitler wrote that set forth his beliefs and goals for Germany
Munich Conference:
The conference resulted in the Munich Agreement, where Germany, Britain, France, Italy agreed to allow Germany to annex the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia
Nazi - Soviet Non-aggression Pact:
non-aggression treaty that was signed in August 1939 between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union
Nagasaki:
Where the US dropped the second atomic bomb called the “Fat Man”. it is a Japanese city
Hiroshima:
Where the US dropped the first atomic bomb called “Little Boy”. it is also a Japanese city
Luftwaffe:
the name of the aerial warfare branch of the Wehrmacht, the German armed forces, before and during World War II
Pearl Harbor:
when the Japanese navy launched a surprise attack on the US naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
D-Day:
the day the Allied forces launched the Normandy invasion
Kamikaze:
the Japanese pilots who flew suicide missions, deliberately crashing their planes into enemy targets, often ships, and the term translates to “divine wind”
Enola Gay:
was a Boeing B-29 bomber that dropped the first atomic bomb in Hiroshima, Japan
Nuremberg Trials:
a series of trials after World War II in Nuremberg, Germany
Lebensraum:
Hitler declared that Germany was overcrowded and needed more space
