Chapter 24- The Respiratory System

Air entering the body is filtered, warmed, and humidified by the

a. upper respiratory tract

b. lower respiratory tract

c. lungs

d. alveoli

A

Surfactant

a. protects the surfaces of the lungs

b. phagocytizes small particulates

c. replaces mucus in the alveoli

d. helps prevent the alveoli from collapsing

D

The portion of the nasal cavity contained within the flexible tissues of the external nose is the

a. nasopharynx

b. nasal vestibule

c. internal chamber

d. glottis

B

What aspect of laryngeal function would be impaired if the arytenoids and corniculate cartilages were damaged?

a. the air would not be able to enter

b. the larynx would be unable to move up or downward during swallowing to ease the passing of a bolus

c. sound production would be impaired

d. the person would be likely to choke

B

The cartilage that serves as a base for the larynx is the

a. thyroid cartilage

b. cuneiform cartilage

c. corniculate cartilage

d. cricoid cartilage

D

The vocal folds are located in the

a. nasopharynx

b. oropharynx

c. larynx

d. trachea

C

The trachea

a. is lined by simple squamous epithelium

b. is reinforced with C-shaped cartilages

c. contains no mucous glands

d. does not alter its diameter

B

The cartilage in the walls of the lobar and segmental bronchi

a. have a completely different function than do those of the tracheal rings

b. support the bronchi and assist in keeping the lumens open

c. are unusual among cartilaginous tissues in that they are highly vascular

d. assist directly in gas exchange by acting as baffles to direct the airflow

B

The epithelium of the nasal vestibule

a. does not assist with filtration

b. contains many small short cilia

c. contains hairs that prevent only the smallest particles from entering nasal passages

d. contains coarse hairs that guard the nasal opening from the entry of large particles or insects

D

Why does a person with a cold often have a stuffed-up nose?

a. the response of the nasal epithelium to irritants, such as those that cause the common cold, is to secrete greater amounts of mucous than normal to trap the virus particles

b. during the time that a person has a cold, air is easier to breathe if its of much higher humidity than normal, and the presence of cold viruses stimulates mucus production to increase that humidity

c. excess saliva is inhaled through the posterior nasal apertures when a person sneezes and fills the nasal cavity

d. no known reason exists

A

How does deep breathing differ from costal breathing?

a. in deep breathing, the thoracic volume changes because the rib cage changes shape

b. it moves air into and out of the bronchial tree, which does not occur in costal breathing

c. the diaphragm contracts in deep breathing, while it does not contract in costal breathing

d. in deep breathing, muscles contract to assist in both inspiration and expiration

C