Georgia Studies 2nd Semester Interim

The Bourbon Triumvirate

a group of democrats that included Joseph E. Brown, Alfred H. Colquit, and John B. Gordon. They decreased war dept, lowered taxes, and brought industry.

The Bourbon Triumvirate's Goals were

Expand Georgia's economy and ties with the North and maintain white supremacy

Independent Democrats chastised the Bourbon Triumvirate for

not attending the needs of the poor or improve the life of convicts, conditions of factories, and mental health

Henry Grady

was a newspaper editor, he described Georgia as a place which could have competitive industry and efficient agriculture, coined the phrase "The New South," Funeral Story, Hospital named after him

Tom Watson

Statue at the capitol, First native Southerner politician to be concerned about Black farmers after opposing all minorities, created RFD

Populists

"People's Party" wanted 8 hour work days, graduated income tax, government owned railroads, telephones and telegraph

Why did the US enter WWI

German u-boats were sinking ships like the Lusitania and the Zimmerman Telegram

Georgia's contributions to WWI

Sent over 100,000 troops and had key military bases that trained troops and housed prisoners of war. Citizens grew victory gardens, bought war bonds, rationed food.

The Great Depression was mainly caused by

The Stock Market Crash of 1929 "Black Tuesday"

Georgia entered the Great Depression Because

the infestation of boll weevils and a major drought

FDR's plan to end the Great Depression was called

"The New Deal"

What does the CCC stand For

Civilian Conservation Corps

What did the CCC do?

it employed young men to do public work projects like maintaining roads etc.

What does the AAA stand for?

Agricultural Adjustment Act

What did the AAA do

it paid farmers to keep them from producing goods to limit overproduction

What does REA stand for

Rural Electrification Act

What did the REA do

it brought electricity to the rural areas of the United States, especially in the South. It created jobs and brought electricity

What does SSA stand for

Social Security Administration

What does the SSA do

it gives retirement benefits to the elderly and it still exists today

Eugene Talmadge

One of Georgia's most controversial politicians, Governor of Georgia during the Great Depression, elected four times, campaigned "on a stump," and was involved in many scandals.

FDR lived in Warm Springs GA because

he thought the minerals in the springs helped his polio

1906 Atlanta Race Riot

was caused by racial fears created by the newspapers, lasted 2 days, 18 blacks and 3 whited killed over 100 injured

Disenfranchisement

to take away voting rights. ex. Grandfather Clause, Literacy Test, Poll Tax, Gerrymandering, White Primary

Jim Crow Laws

Separate but equal facilities

Plessy vs. Ferguson

court case went up to supreme court. declared segregation legal until 1954. Caused by the 1892 train ticket incident

Booker T. Washington

Civil Rights leader who believed in Black economic independence, "Cast Down Your Buckets" speech, Gave many speeches in Europe and the US, Gave a speech at the International Cotton Expostition

W.E.B. DuBois

Disliked Booker T. Washington, Atlanta University professor, Civil Rights Leader, "Truth, Knowledge, Action," one of the founders of the NAACP

Alonzo Herndon

Former Slave, Crystal Palace Barbershop owner, Atlanta Life Insurance Company, one of the richest African Americans of the time

Leo Frank

Northerner, Jewish, Supervisor of a pencil factory, accused of murdering Mary Phagan even though innocent, sentenced to life in prison, lynched by the Knights of Mary Phagan, Rebirth of the KKK

The U.S. entered WWII because of what

Japan bombed Pearl Harbor

What did FDR call the Bombing of Pearl Harbor

"A date which shall live in infamy."

The Bell Bomber Plant

A plant in Marietta that built B-29 bombers and employed over 30,000 people

What did the Lend-Lease Act do?

it gave supplies to the Allied Powers during WWII

During WWII Savannah and Brunswick, Ga's main deep water ports, built what

Liberty Ships

Carl Vinson

"Had a Vision." Was a Georgian who supported the US Navy. "Father of the Two-Ocean Navy"

The Holocaust was

the murder of over 6,000,000 Jews, Cripples, and Gypsies caused by Adolf Hitler

After WWII Georgia's agriculture switched from cotton to

pecans, peaches, peanuts,and Livestock

William B. Hartsfield

Was the visionary of Atlanta's airport. Improved race relations with little incidents. Mayor of ATL 1937-1961

Ivan Allen Jr.

Mayor of Atlanta, elected in 1961, who on his first day in office he took down the white/ colored restroom signs in city hall. Integrated police force. "City too busy to hate." Brought all-sports to ATL

Ellis Arnall

Governor of Georgia elected in 1942. First governor to serve a four year term. Lowered voting age in GA from 21 to 18.

Three people involved in the Three Governor Controversy

Herman Talmadge, Ellis Arnall, and Melvin Thompson

End of the White-Primary enabled

Blacks to vote in Georgia's Primary Elections

What was the goal of the white primary?

to only allow whites to vote in state wide elections

What was Georgia's most controversial flag

The 1956 state flag

In what year did Georgia change its flag because of Brown vs. Board of Ed?

1956

King believed that African Americans can gain their rights by...

protesting peacefully

What group did King form to lead anti-discrimination marches?

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference

What year did Brown vs. Board of Ed occur?

1954

Why did Brown sue the board of ed?

because his daughter had to walk a mile to a black school even though the white school was closer

because of Brown vs. Board of Ed. the Supreme Court ruled that

segregation is unconstitutional

Brown vs. Board of Ed. overturned what court case?

Plessy vs. Ferguson case

What did the Pessy vs. Ferguson case declare

the "separate but equal" doctrine

The Sibley Commission found that what fraction of Georgians would rather close schools than intigrate

2/3

The Sibley Commission recommended that

Local districts would decide whether or not to integrate

UGA's first black students were

Charlayne Hunter and Hamilton Holmes

What does SNCC stand for?

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Commitee

Who started SNCC

a group of college students

SNCC used

nonviolent protests

Lester Maddox chose to do what instead of integrating his restaurant

close it

Who brought the Olympics to Atlanta

Andrew Young

Who was Atlanta's first black mayor?

Maynard Jackson

What was the purpose of the Albany Movement?

To end all segregation in Albany Ga.

Instead of being a failure the Albany Movement was considered

more of a learning experience

What was the March on Washington

a civil rights march that Martin Luther King led with over 250,000 people in Washington D.C.

The Civil Rights Act was influenced by

The March on Washington

The Civil Rights Act did what?

banned discrimination because of a person's race, color, or religion

When was Georgia's first constitution made?

1777

When was Georgia's newest constitution written?

1983

How many articles are in the Georgia Constitution?

Eleven

What is the Bill of Rights?

The first ten amendments of the constitution

What is the Preamble?

The introduction to the constitution

What does the Preamble do?

It lists what the constitution is about

What are the two branches in the Georgia General Assembly?

The House of Representatives and the Senate

What is the name of GA's legislative branch?

Georgia General Assembly

How old do you have to be to enter the GA House of Representatives.

Twenty-one years old

What is the age requirement of the GA Senate

Twenty-five years old

How many members are in the GA Senate?

56

Who is the presiding officer of the GA Senate?

Lieutenant Governor

What does the committee system do?

makes it possible to study bills more closely

What does Checks and Balances do?

Makes sure that one branch doesn't become too powerful

What does the Governor do?

Signs and vetoes laws

What is the roles of each power called?

Separation of Powers

What does the Legislative Branch do?

Make the laws

What does the Executive Branch do?

Enforces the laws

What does the Judicial Branch do?

Interpret the laws