Med Term Ch 5 Study Flashcards

what is the term for passage of materials through villi into the blood

absorption

what is the term for failure of muscles in the lower esophagus to relax

achalasia

what is the term for substances produced when proteins are digested

amino acids

what is the combining form for the word that means “starch”

amyl/o

what is the enzyme secreted by the pancreas to digest starch

amylase

what is the combining form for “anus”

an/o

what is the term for an abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus

anal fistula

what is the term for a new opening between two previously unconnected tubes

anastomosis

what is the term for “lack of appetite”

anorexia

what is the terminal end or opening of digestive tract to outside of the body

anus

what is the term for inflammation of the mouth with small, painful ulcers

aphthous stomatitis

what is the term for the blind pouch hanging form the cecum

appendix

what is the combining form for “appendix”

append/o, appendic/o

what is the term for removal (resection) of the appendix

appendectomy

what is the term for inflammation of the appendix

appendicitis

what is the term for the large intestine consisting of the ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid segments

colon

what is the term for the part of the colon that extends from the cecum to the undersurface of the liver

ascending colon

what is the term for the part of the colon that passes horizontally left of the spleen

transverse colon

what is the term for the part of the colon that passes horizontally left of the spleen

descending colon

what is the term for the S-shaped portion of the large bowel

sigmoid colon

what is the term for a collection of fluid in the abdominal cavity

ascites

what is the suffix for the word enzyme

-ase

what is the term for digestive juice made by the liver and stored in the gallbladder

bile

what is the combining form for “bile”

bil/i

what is the term for “pertaining to bile”

biliary

what is the combining form for “bilirubin”

bilirubin/o

what is the term for the upper portion of the stomach

fundus

what is the term for the middle section of the stomach

body

what is the term for the lower portion of the stomach

antrum

what is the term for the ring of muscle at the distal region of the stomach

pyloric sphincter

what is the term for a small rounded mass of a substance, especially of chewed food at the moment of swallowing

bolus

what is the term for the rumbling or gurgling noise produced by movement of gas, fluid, or both in the intestinal tract

borborygmus

what is the term for intestine

bowel

what is the term for “pertaining to the cheek”

buccal

what is the combining form for the word that means “cheek”

bucc/o

what is the term for the mucous membrane (mucose) lining the cheek

buccal mucosa

what is the term for “pointed dog-like teeth”

canine teeth

what is the term for the first part of the large intestines

cecum

what is the term for “pertaining to the cecum”

cecal

what is the combining form for the word that means “the first part of the large intestine”

cec/o

what is the term for “pertaining to the abdomen”

celiac

what is the combining form for “belly, abdomen”

celi/o

what is the term for the region of the tooth that covers, supports, and protects the dentin in the root

cementum

what is the term for the walls of the oval-shaped oral cavity

cheeks

what is the combining form for the word that means “lip”

cheil/o

what is the term for an abnormal condition of the lips

cheilosis

what is the term for defecation, elimination of wastes

-chezia

what is the combining form for “hydrochloric acid”

chlorhydr/o

what is the combining form for the word that means “gall, bile”

chol/e

what is the combining form for the word that means “gallbladder”

cholecyst/o

what is the term for removal of the gallbladder

cholecystectomy

what is the term for gallstones (caculi) in the gallbladder

cholecystolithiasis

what is the combining form for the word that means “common bile duct”

choledoch/o

what is the term for a new opening between the common bile duct and the jejunum; anastomosis

choledochojejunostomy

what is the term for the condition of stones in the common bile duct

choledocholithiasis

what is the term for an incision into the common bild duct

choledochotomy

what is the term for the abnormal condition of gallstones

cholelithiasis

what is the term for a chronic liver disease resulting from alcoholism and malnutrition

cirrhosis

what is the combining form for “colon”

col/o, colon/o

what is the term for “pertaining to the colon”

colonic

what is the term for benign growths that protrude from the mucous membrane of the large intestine

colonic polyps

what is the term for the process of visual examination of the colon

colonoscopy

what is the term for adenocarinoma of the colon or rectum or both

colorectal cancer

what is the term for a new opening of the colon to the outside of the body

colostomy

what is the term for the structure that carries bile into the duodenum

common bile duct

what is the term for an autoimmune disease that is characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

crohn disease

what is the term for the part of the tooth that shows above the gum line

crown

what is the term for the duct in which the bile travels through after released from the gallbladder

cystic duct

what is the term for elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the anus

defecation

what is the term for “swallowing”

deglutition

what is the combining form for the word that means “tooth”

denti/o

what is the term for “tooth decay”

dental caries

what is the term for “pertaining to tooth and cheek”

dentibuccal

what is the term for the major tissue component of teeth

dentin

what is the term for breakdown of complex foods to simpler forms

digestion

what is the term for “broken down mechanically and chemically in the digestive system”

digested

what is the term for “abnormal side pockets in a hollow organ, such as the intestine”

diverticula

what is the term for the condition of having diverticula

diverticulosis

what is the term for “pertaining to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine)”

duodenal

what is the combining form for “duodenum”

duoden/o

what is the term for painful, inflamed intestines from bloody diarrhea

dysentery

what is the term for “difficulty in swalling”

dysphagia

what is the term for the act of removal of materials from the body, in the digestive system it is the removal of indigestible materials through the feces

elimination

what is the term for the physical process of breaking down large fat globules into smaller parts

emulsificaiton

what is the term for the hard, outermost layer of a tooth

enamel

what is the term for a dentist specializing in operating within the tooth (root canal specialist)

endodontist

what is the combining form for the word that means “small intestines”

enter/o

what is the term for inflammation of the small and large intestines

enterocolitis

what is the term for a new opening between two previously unconnected parts of the small intestine

enteroenterostomy

what is the term for the chemicals that speeds up a reaction between substances or cut larger molecules into smaller ones

enzymes

what is the term for the tube connecting the throat to the stomach

esophagus

what is the combining form for “esophagus”

esophag/o

what is the term for “pertaining to the esophagus”

esophageal

what is the term for solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

what is the term for a malignant tumor in the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach

esophageal cancer

what is the term for swollen, twisted veins in the esophagus

esophageal varices

what is the combining form for the word that means “face”

faci/o

what is the term for “pertaining to the face”

facial

what is the term for substances produced when fats are digested

fatty acids

what is the term for solid wastes; stools

feces