Vaccines

Canine infectious respirtatory disease complex signs

• coughing

• nasal or ocular discharge

• sneezing

• anorexia

• fever

• lethargy

Canine infectious respiratory disease complex transmission

direct:

• contact with infected dogs

• contact with aerosolized droplets from infected dog

indirect

• contact with fomites

what are fomites

dog bowls, dog toys

leptospirosis signs

• polyuria

• polydipsia

• abdominal pain

• vomiting

• fever

• anorexia

• lethargy

leptospirosis transmission

direct

• contact with infected animal

  • bites

  • ingestion of urine

  • placental and venereal transfer

indirect

• contact with water or soil containing contaminated urine

canine lyme disease signs

• arthritits like joint pain

• shifting leg-lameness

• anorexia

• swollen lymph nodes

canine lyme disease transmission

tick acquired bacteria while feeding on infected animal and then transmits it to dog during its next blood meal

ticks in the u.s

west coast - western black legged tick (ixodes pacificus)

east coast - black legged tick (ixodes scalpuris)

bordatella vaccine considerations

• does your dog go to grooming/boarding facilities

• does your dog go to parks/classes

• do they have close contact with coughing dogs

• share toys and water bowls in public?L

bordetella vaccine initial vaccine

single dose into the buccal pouch as early as 8 weeks of age

repeat yearly

Lepto vaccine considerations

• drink or swim in lakes rivers or puddles?

• spend time on soil currently or previously used by livestock?

• food/water bowls outside?

• in environments with rats, raccons,voles, etc

Lepto and lyme vaccine standards

2 doses given subcutaneously given 2-4 weeks apart, beginning as early as 8-9 weeks of age

booster - yearly in a 2 dose series

lyme vaccine considerations

• dog walk in grassy or wooded areas?

• visit the northeast, upper midwest, mid- atlantic coast, or pacific coast?

• Do you see wildlife in your area

In general, ____ vaccines have faster onset and longer duration of immunity

infectious

feline core vaccines

rabies, Feline Panleukopenia, Feline herpesvirus type 1, and feline Calicivirus

canine core vaccines

• Rabies

• Canine distemper virus (CDV)

• Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2)

• Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2)

Equine Encephalomyelitis

Commonly used in states bordering Mexico to create a buffer zone against Venezuelan virus

Equine Herpesvirus

Respiratory and abortion protection

• Pregnant mares should be vaccinated at 5th, 7th, and 9th month of gestation

Which of the following is not a clinical sign associated with Leptospirosis?

diarrhea

Vaccines are dosed based on

amount needed to stimulate an immune response

panleukopenia

_________________ is caused by a parvovirus. It is highly contagious and is commonly found in the environment; cats of all ages are susceptible. Clinical signs include fever, lethargy, anorexia, dehydration, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Which of the following is true regarding vaccination against Bang’s disease in cattle?

it is targeted towards young heifers

Active immunity occurs in the body when

the immune system develops antibodies to antigens.

Before bringing a new cat or kittens into a household with other cats, the animal should be screened using blood tests for which two contagious diseases even if they appear healthy?

FIV and FeLV

There is a historic association with vaccine-associated sarcoma development in certain companion animals. Which animal is often linked with this condition?

cats

AAHA-AVMA Canine and Feline Preventive Health Guidelines recommend that adult dogs and cats be examined annually, with some animals requiring more frequent visits. _____ should be seen more than once per year.

seinor

FIV-negative cats who receive the FIV vaccine will

test positive on the antibody-based FIV screening test.

Vaccines provide protection from infection from a pathogen for a certain length of time. This period is called the

duration of immunity

The initial visit to a veterinary practice for a healthy puppy or kitten typically occurs at

6-8 weeks of age

___________ are normal with feline herpesvirus infection and involve the virus lying dormant within the cat for a period of time. After stressful episodes for the cat, clinical signs of upper respiratory disease and/or viral shedding typically recur.

latent infections

Adjuvants are added to the contents of a vaccine to

help stimulate a stronger response

Why are tetanus toxoids administered annually to horses?

The causative agent is ubiquitous in the soil.

Once a vaccine is reconstituted, it is no longer stable and should be administered within ________ of being reconstituted.

1 hour

seinor

According to the American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP), a cat is considered in which age group when it is 11 to 14 years old?

Which of the following is NOT a fomite?

puddle