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Unit 2 - Interaction Among the Branches of Government (BARRON'S REVIEW)
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Bicameral
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Referring to a legislative body that has two separate chambers or houses, such as the U.S. Congress.
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Bully pulpit
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A term used to describe the president's unique ability to influence and persuade the public and Congress.
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1
Bicameral
Referring to a legislative body that has two separate chambers or houses, such as the U.S. Congress.
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2
Bully pulpit
A term used to describe the president's unique ability to influence and persuade the public and Congress.
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3
Cloture
A procedure used in the Senate to end a filibuster, requiring a three-fifths majority vote to limit further debate on a bill.
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4
Committee of the Whole
A procedure in which all members of the House of Representatives sit as a single committee, allowing for more informal debate.
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5
Compliance Monitoring
The process by which government agencies ensure adherence to laws and regulations, often involving inspections and audits.
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6
Congressional Oversight
The review and supervision of federal agencies and policies by Congress to ensure accountability.
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7
Delegate
A member of Congress who represents the interests and preferences of their constituents.
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8
Discharge petition
A legislative device used to bring a bill out of committee and to the floor for a vote.
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9
Discretionary spending
Government spending that is not mandated by existing laws and can be adjusted by Congress.
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10
Divided government
A situation in which one political party controls the presidency and another party controls one or both houses of Congress.
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11
Entitlement
A government program that guarantees benefits to certain groups, funded by mandatory spending.
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12
Enumerated power
Powers specifically granted to Congress by the Constitution.
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13
Executive order
A directive issued by the President to manage government operations with the force of law.
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14
Filibuster
A procedural tactic used to prolong debate and delay a vote on a bill in the Senate.
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15
Formal power
Authority granted to a government official through the Constitution or statutory law.
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16
Gerrymandering
The manipulation of electoral district boundaries to favor one political party.
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17
Gridlock
A stalemate in the legislative process, often due to divided government or conflicting interests.
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18
Hold
The process of maintaining a legislative proposal in a committee without a vote.
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19
Implied power
The authority of Congress to enact laws not explicitly outlined in the Constitution.
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20
Informal power
Influence that arises from practices and relationships within Congress and the executive branch.
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21
Judicial activism
A philosophy advocating for the judiciary to actively interpret laws and the Constitution.
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22
Judicial restraint
A philosophy encouraging the judiciary to limit its power and respect legislative authority.
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23
Lame duck
An official or group remaining in office after losing an election, often with diminished power.
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24
Logrolling
A practice where legislators agree to support each other's proposed legislation.
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25
Mandatory spending
Government expenditures required by existing law, including Social Security and Medicare.
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26
Mark-up
The process of reviewing and amending proposed legislation in congressional committees.
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27
Necessary and Proper clause
A constitutional provision granting Congress power to make all laws needed to carry out its enumerated powers.
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28
One person, one vote
The principle that ensures each individual's vote carries equal weight in elections.
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29
Partisan voting
The tendency of legislators to align their votes with their political party's stance.
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30
Pocket veto
A special veto that occurs when the president takes no action on a bill while Congress is adjourned.
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31
Polarization
The ideological divide between political parties that can hinder legislative progress.
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32
Policy agenda
The set of issues prioritized for action by policymakers.
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33
Politico
A model of political representation where officials consider constituents' opinions while exercising their judgment.
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34
Pork-barrel legislation
The practice of including specific projects or funding in a bill that benefits a particular district.
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35
Precedent
A legal principle established in a previous case used as a basis for decisions in subsequent cases.
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36
Redistricting
The process of redrawing electoral district boundaries to reflect population changes.
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37
Rider Amendment
A provision added to a bill that is often unrelated to the main topic of legislation.
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38
Rules committee
A committee in the House responsible for determining rules under which legislation is considered.
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39
Signing statement
A written declaration by the President outlining their interpretation of a bill when signing it into law.
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40
Stare decisis
The legal principle of adhering to precedent in judicial decisions.
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41
Trustee
A member of Congress who acts according to their own judgment rather than following constituents' preferences.
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42
Unanimous consent
An agreement by all members in a legislative body to approve a proposal without a formal vote.
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43
Veto
The constitutional power of the president to reject a bill passed by Congress.
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44
Whips
Party leaders in Congress responsible for mobilizing votes and ensuring party discipline.
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45
White House staff
Individuals who assist the president in policy development, communication, and administration.
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